Planning in Craven

COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND SOCIAL SPACES

Craven's community facilities will be improved, and new ones will be created, to meet the needs of the local community as it grows and changes over time. This will help to promote health, wellbeing and equality and will be achieved in the following ways: Where new community facilities or improvements to existing community facilities are proposed and it can be demonstrated that there is a local need for the facility, encouragement and support will be given to:- a) Development proposals that are of a scale that is in keeping with the location; the proposed facilities or spaces are well located and accessible and there would be no significant adverse impact on residential amenity. b) Innovative schemes for sustaining or improving community facilities, including opportunities to secure benefits from locating new community assets with or alongside other forms of development. c) Development proposals for or including public realm enhancements that provide or improve places of recreation or social interaction. Existing community facilities and social spaces that are used and valued by local communities will be safeguarded wherever possible from unnecessary and avoidable loss. Development proposals that would result in the loss of such community facilities will need to be fully justified on grounds that: d) The facility is not suitable or needed for any alternative community use; and e) The facility and its use are no longer viable in financial or functional terms and all reasonable efforts have been made to retain the facility and to continue its use; and f) Realistic marketing of the facility has been carried out recently, but has been unsuccessful, with little or no genuine interest being shown; or g) The facility to be lost will be replaced by an equivalent facility of equal or greater value to the same local community and arrangements for this replacement will be secured by a planning obligation or other acceptable means.

SPORT, OPEN SPACE AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

Craven's growth will promote health, wellbeing and equality by safeguarding and improving sport, open space and built sports facilities. This will be achieved in the following ways. a) Supporting proposals for the provision of new sport, open space and built sports facilities, or for the improvement of existing sport, open space and built sports facilities, including facilities for temporary events, provided the proposals are of a scale in keeping with the location, are well located and accessible by different modes of transport including walking, cycling and public transport and accord with all relevant local plan policies and any relevant neighbourhood plan policies. b) The provision or contribution towards new or improved sport, open space and built sports facilities is required in the following circumstances: 1. All new housing and mixed-use developments of 11 or more dwellings and on any site with a combined gross floor area of more than 1000 sqm, including those on sites allocated under local plan Policies SP5 to SP11. Contributions will not be sought from developments of 10 units or less, or which have a maximum combined gross floor space of no more than 1000sqm (gross internal area). 2. In designated rural areas all new housing and mixed use developments yielding between 6 to 10 dwellings and from developments of less than 6 dwellings but more than 1000m2 combined gross floorspace. In designated rural areas, contributions will not be sought from developments of 5 units or less. c) New provision or contributions towards improving existing spaces and facilities must cater for the needs arising from the development. Where a quantity deficiency exists in a location, the Council will seek, where possible, on-site provision of facilities and will expect appropriate arrangements to be made for their on-going maintenance. Where the locality has a deficiency in the quality of existing open space or sports and recreation facilities, the Council will require a contribution to be made to address that qualitative deficiency off-site. Deficiencies are identified in the Playing Pitch Strategy, Open Space Assessment and Built Sports Facilities Strategy 2016 and any subsequent updates when compared against minimum standards. The requirement for either on-site or off-site provision will be calculated by applying the standards and formula set out in Appendix A. d) Safeguarding existing sport, open space and built sports facilities from unnecessary and avoidable loss. This means that development proposals involving the loss of sport, open space or built sports facilities will only be supported in the following limited circumstances. 1. A surplus in the relevant type of sport, open space or built sports facility has been identified, in the locality, by the Playing Pitch Strategy, Open Space Assessment and Built Sports Facilities Strategy 2016 and any subsequent updates when compared against minimum standards.

GOOD DESIGN

Good design will help to ensure that growth in Craven results in positive change, which benefits the local economy, environment and quality of life, including health and wellbeing. This will be achieved by following the general design principles set out in broad terms below: Context a) Development should respond to the context and proposals should be based on a proper understanding and appreciation of environmental features, including both natural and built elements such as landscape, topography, vegetation, open space, microclimate, tranquillity, light and darkness; b) Designs should respect the form of existing and surrounding buildings including density, scale, height, massing and use of high quality materials which should be locally sourced wherever possible; c) Development should be legible and create a sense of place by maintaining, enhancing and creating good townscapes with beneficial elements like views, vistas, enclosures, focal points, public art, backcloths and landmarks; d) Development should seek to enhance local distinctiveness through maintaining good aspects of the local environment, improving poorer aspects and adding new aspects that benefit the local environment; e) Development should protect the amenity of existing residents and business occupiers as well as create acceptable amenity conditions for future occupiers; f) Development proposals should be able to demonstrate that they will secure a good standard of amenity for all existing and future occupants of land and buildings; Infrastructure g) Designs should anticipate the need for external storage space within new developments, including space for the storage and collection of non-recyclable and recyclable waste; h) Necessary services and infrastructure should be able to be accommodated without causing harm to retained features, or result in visual clutter; Ensuring Development is Accessible i) Reasonable provision should be made to ensure that buildings and spaces are accessible and usable and that individuals, regardless of their age, gender or disability are able to gain access to buildings and to gain access within buildings and use their facilities, both as visitors and as people who live and work in them; j) Development should be permeable and should make getting around easier—especially for pedestrians, cyclists and people with disabilities—by improving existing routes, adding new ones and creating connections to enhance the local network; k) Access roads should be designed as streets—they should form part of the public realm, be people-friendly, safe and active, allow natural surveillance and help to create a network of easy-to-use routes; l) Schemes should seek to incorporate secure storage for bicycles to encourage sustainable modes of travel; Art And Culture m) Development should promote socialising, recreation, art, health and wellbeing, by maintaining and improving existing public spaces and by creating new public spaces, such as parks, squares and other areas of public realm; n) The provision of public art will be encouraged from the outset for all major development schemes; Designing Out Crime o) The design of all new developments will be required to promote safe living environments, reduce opportunities for crime and the fear of crime, disorder and anti-social behaviour. Shop Fronts/Advertisements p) Traditional shop fronts which make a valuable contribution to the distinctive character of their local area should be, wherever practicable, refurbished and retained in development proposals; q) New/alterations to shop fronts will only be permitted if the design is consistent with the character and scale of the existing building, if it is of high quality and uses materials that are deemed acceptable to the area. The shop fascia must be designed in scale, in its depth and width, with the façade and the street scene of which it forms part; r) Proposals for advertisements will be assessed having regard to issues of highway/transport safety and the characteristics of the locality, including features of scenic, historic, architectural, cultural or other special interest; Sustainable Design and Construction s) To require non-residential developments of 1,000 or more square metres where feasible to meet at least the BREEAM standard 'Very Good' for non-residential buildings requirement. Non-residential development should seek to achieve BREEAM 'Very Good' or better unless it has been demonstrated through an economic viability assessment that it is not viable

EMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Proposals for employment/economic development in existing employment areas (Policy EC2), on land allocated for employment/mixed use (Policies SP5 to SP11), or within the main built up area of Tier 1 to 5 settlements, as defined in Policy SP4, will be supported subject to compliance with the following criteria:- a) The proposal will not give rise to adverse amenity effects on sensitive uses that cannot be mitigated adequately; b) Traffic generated as a result of the proposal being satisfactorily accommodated in the surrounding highway network; c) The proposal not adversely affecting the significance of natural environmental assets, designated heritage assets and open space provision and accords with the provisions of Policies ENV1, ENV2, ENV4, ENV5, ENV6, ENV7, ENV8, ENV10 and ENV11; d) The proposal being adequately served by communications infrastructure i.e. broadband, where possible; and e) The proposal being of a design that accords with the provisions of Policy ENV3. f) The proposal accords with any other relevant policies in the local plan Elsewhere proposals for employment/economic development will be supported where they meet criteria a) to f) above and it can be clearly demonstrated that:- g) There are no allocated sites or existing employment areas available in the settlement or the nearest Tier 1 to Tier 4 settlement that could accommodate the proposal; or h) The proposed activity requires a specific location in which to operate adequately; or i) The proposal will help deliver specific aims and objectives of the York, North Yorkshire and East Riding Local Economic Partnership (LEP) or the Leeds City Region LEP; or j) The proposal will benefit the rural economy in accordance with Policy EC3.

SAFEGUARDING EXISTING EMPLOYMENT AREAS

In order to ensure that there is an adequate supply of employment locations in Craven for 'B' Class Uses, sites currently in 'B' class uses and sites identified on the policies inset map as: existing sites and premises in 'B' Class use in existing employment areas, and: sites with extant commitments for 'B' Class Use, will be safeguarded from non 'B' Class uses unless:- a) The development proposal makes equivalent compensatory provision of employment land/premises to an equivalent or better standard; or b) It is demonstrated that there is no reasonable prospect of the site being retained, reused or redeveloped for a 'B' Class employment generating use; and c) The proposed new use is compatible with surrounding uses, and will not result in adverse effects to new and existing occupiers that cannot be adequately mitigated. Existing live/work units in the plan area will be safeguarded from changes to non-employment uses unless proposals meet the requirements of criterion f) of Policy EC3: Rural Economy. Broughton Hall Estate and Business Park provides opportunities for both 'B' Class employment and tourism development. Existing 'B' Class employment uses in this location will be safeguarded under this policy and proposals for tourism development will be supported, in principle, in accordance with Policy EC4: Tourism.

Rural Economy

Craven's rural economy will be supported, so that it may grow and diversify in a sustainable way to provide long term economic, environmental and social benefits for local communities. This will be achieved in the following ways: a) Enabling enterprise, welcoming innovation and supporting economic development proposals that will benefit the local economy, environment and quality of life, including culture and community proposals; b) Recognising opportunities to use farmland and farm buildings in new and different ways to support individual farm businesses and to diversify the wider rural economy; c) Helping existing and new rural businesses, including tourism related businesses to succeed, grow and expand, by working with them co-operatively and proactively, so that development proposals can be supported wherever possible; d) Enabling farm, forestry and other land-based businesses to build the new and replacement buildings and infrastructure they need to function efficiently, including dwellings where they are fully justified on functional and financial grounds; e) Acknowledging the potential social, economic, environmental benefits of reusing existing buildings by supporting proposals for their conversion, including to employment use or live/work units, providing opportunities for people to live and work locally. f) Supporting the continued use of existing live/work units for the valuable contribution they make to the rural economy. The conversion of existing live/work units to other uses will be supported provided it can be demonstrated that there is no reasonable prospect of the live/work unit being re-used. Proposals of the type described above will be supported provided they accord with all relevant local plan policies and any relevant neighbourhood plan policies, and will help to achieve sustainable development.

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AND BUSINESS GROWTH

The local economy will grow, diversify and generate new employment and productivity opportunities. This will be achieved by: a) Making provision for a minimum of 32 hectares gross of employment land over the plan period for B1, B2 and B8 Uses through: i) Safeguarding existing employment land and existing employment land commitments for B1, B2 and B8 uses (in Policy EC2); and ii) Allocating 15.6 ha gross of additional employment land for B1, B2 and B8 Uses in Skipton (Policy SP5), Settle (Policy SP6) and Ingleton (Policy SP9) b) Supporting sustainable economic activity within towns, villages and the rural areas, including the sustainable growth of the existing employment cluster at Broughton Hall Business Park; c) Supporting enhanced transport connectivity with the wider Leeds City Region, North Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cumbria and Greater Manchester. This includes:- i) capacity and congestion mitigation improvements; ii) pedestrian and cycle links to enhanced public transport facilities; iii) protection of the original double track route of the Skipton to Colne railway line for future rail transport use as identified on the policies map, and iv) support for the re-opening of former Cross Hills Railway Station by safeguarding land at the former railway station from other forms of development, as identified on the policies map. Individual development proposals will be considered under Policy EC1: Employment & Economic Development

RENEWABLE AND LOW CARBON ENERGY

Renewable and low carbon energy development will help to reduce carbon emissions and support sustainable development. This will be achieved by; a) Supporting projects and infrastructure proposals that offer a good balance of economic, environmental and social benefits, and are not outweighed on balance by one or more negative impacts. b) Ensuring that there are no significant adverse impacts on natural, built and historic assets, and developments harmonise with the local environment and respect the character of the immediate setting and wider landscape. c) Avoiding developments that may detract from the landscape and scenic beauty of the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty or its setting and the setting of the Yorkshire Dales National Park. d) Safeguarding the amenity of local residents and communities, and ensuring that satisfactory mitigation can be achieved to minimise impacts such as noise, smell or other pollutants. e) Developers engaging with the community at the earliest stages of the planning process and seeking to achieve community benefits wherever possible. f) Ensuring there are no unacceptable impacts on civil, military aviation, radar and telecommunications installations. g) Supporting proposals which demonstrate that the natural environment including designated sites will not be adversely affected without satisfactory mitigation. Enhancements should be achieved wherever possible. h) Supporting proposals where the potential cumulative impacts are not found to be significantly adverse. i) Ensuring operational requirements can be met including accessibility and suitability of the local road network, ability to connect to the grid and where relevant, proximity of feedstock. j) Grid connections being provided underground, wherever feasible without adversely impacting upon historical or archaeological assets. k) Ensuring measures are in place to secure the removal of infrastructure should it become redundant or no longer operational and that satisfactory site restoration can be achieved. Commercial Scale Wind Turbines/Farms The Council has not identified suitable areas for commercial scale wind turbines or farms for the purpose of providing power into the National Grid within Craven. The development of commercial scale wind turbines or wind farms for the purposes of inputting power into the National Grid will therefore only be permitted where criteria a) to k) listed above are met and; i) the site is located within an area defined as being suitable for such use within an adopted Neighbourhood Plan; and ii) following consultation, it can be demonstrated that the planning impacts identified by affected communities have been fully addressed and therefore the proposal has their backing. Small Scale Wind Turbines In the case of small scale turbines, defined as turbines under 50m in height to the tip, proposals will be supported where they meet the criteria a) to k) listed above and; iii) they are directly related to, and generate power principally for the operation of a farmstead or other rural business or a local settlement; or iv) the site is identified as being suitable for the development of wind turbines within an adopted Neighbourhood Plan.

MEETING THE CHALLENGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE

The Craven local plan adopts proactive strategies to mitigate and adapt to climate change, when guiding developmental change in Craven in line with national planning policy. The local plan supports the move to a low carbon future, and in this regard the local plan:- 1) proposes new development in locations which reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and adopts a spatial strategy which provides for such a spatial framework; 2) proposes new development in locations of low flood risk; 3) actively supports energy efficiency improvements to existing buildings, and 4) supports renewable and low carbon technologies. The local plan takes account of climate change over the long term, including factors such as flood risk, water supply and changes to biodiversity and landscape. New development will be planned to reduce vulnerability to the range of impacts arising from climate change. When new development is brought forward in areas which may be vulnerable, care will be taken to ensure that risks can be managed through suitable adaptation measures, including through the planning of green infrastructure. Inappropriate development in areas at risk of flooding will be avoided by directing development away from areas at highest risk. However, where development is necessary, the local plan provisions will accommodate the development safely without increasing flood risk elsewhere. The Local Plan is supported by a Strategic Flood Risk Assessment for Craven, and individual planning applications will be required to be accompanied by a Flood Risk Assessment for the site and its surrounds where necessary. The assessment of planning applications will take account of advice from the Environment Agency and other relevant flood risk management bodies, such as lead local flood authorities and internal drainage boards. The Local Plan will apply a sequential, risk-based approach to the location of development, to reduce flood risk to people and property and manage any residual risk, taking account of the impacts of climate change, by: a) applying the Sequential Test; b) if necessary, applying the Exception Test; c) safeguarding land from development that is required for current and future flood management; d) using opportunities offered by new development to reduce the causes and impacts of flooding; e) seeking opportunities to facilitate the relocation of development, including housing, in areas where climate change is expected to increase flood risk, to more sustainable locations. The local plan, through its policies, seeks mitigation of climate change by promoting the reduction of the need to travel, providing for more sustainable modes of transport and providing opportunities for renewable and low carbon energy technologies. It provides opportunities for decentralised energy and heating, and promotes low carbon design approaches to reduce energy consumption in buildings. In terms of adapting to climate change, the local plan considers future climate risks when allocating development sites to ensure risks are understood over the development's lifetime, in addition to considering the impact of and promoting design responses to flood risk. The local plan also considers the availability of water and water infrastructure for the lifetime of the development and design responses to promote water efficiency and protect water quality. The local plan promotes adaptation approaches in design policies for developments and the public realm.

LOCAL GREEN SPACE

The sites identified in the table below, and as identified on the Policies Map, are designated as Local Green Space: High and Low Bentham HB-LGS3 East of Station Rd and south west of Pye Busk, High Bentham Bradleys Both LGS sites assessed as part of Neighbourhood Plan preparation. Carleton in Craven CA – LGS2 Heslaker Lane, Carleton CA – LGS6 North of Vicars Row, Carleton CA – LGS8 The Pine Trees, Westwood, Carleton CA – LGS9 St. Mary's Green, Carleton Cononley LGS sites assessed as part of Neighbourhood Plan preparation. Embsay with Eastby EM – LGS2 Between Main Street & Shires Croft EM – LGS3 South of Village Hall, Main Street, Embsay EM – LGS6 East side of West Lane, Embsay EM- LGS11 Fields adjacent to Kirk Lane, Embsay Gargrave LGS sites assessed as part of Neighbourhood Plan preparation. Glusburn GLUS-LGS1 Glusburn Park Hellifield HE-LGS5 Field adjacent St. Aidan's Church HE-LGS7 Gallaber Pond, Hellifield Ingleton IN-LGS2 Ingleton Park off Thacking Lane, Ingleton Kildwick KL-LGS2 Fields by Kildwick Bridge, Main Road, Kildwick, BD20 9BD KL-LGS4 Parson's Walk and Glebe Field KL-LGS5 Banks Field (Lower section), Priest Bank Road KL-LGS6 Field south of the Recreation Ground, Priest Bank Road Settle & Giggleswick SG-LGS4 The Green, Commercial Street, Settle SG-LGS15 Bowling green off Station Road, Settle SG-LGS22 Glebe Field, Giggleswick Skipton SK-LGS1 Massa Flatts Wood SK-LGS2 Land between Shortbank Road & allotments SK-LGS11 South Side of The Bailey, Skipton SK-LGS28 Bowling Green Rope Walk SK-LGS33 Aireville Park SK-LGS46 Road approach, north side of Gargrave Road, between roundabout & Aireville Grange SK-LGS47 Land to the north of Gargrave Road, between Aireville Grange and Park View SK-LGS48 Road approach, south side of Gargrave Road, west of entrance to Auction Mart SK-LGS49 Road approach, south side of Gargrave Road, east of entrance to Auction Mart SK-LGS51 Road approach, between Harrogate Road & Overdale Grange SK-LGS55 Gawflat Meadow SK-LGS60 Burnside House SK-LGS66 Land to the north of Skipton up to and including the PROW at Short Lee Lane, west of Skipton Castle Woods SINC, and east of Grassington Road, Skipton. Sutton in Craven SC-LGS5 Sutton Park, Main Street, Sutton-in-Craven Sites designated as Local Green Space and identified on the Policies Map will be protected from incompatible development that would adversely impact on their open character and the particular local significance placed on such green areas which make them valued by their local community. Incompatible development is harmful to areas designated as Local Green Space and should not be approved except in very special circumstances. The construction of new buildings or structures on land designated as Local Green Space will be regarded as incompatible development with the following exceptions: a) Buildings for agriculture and forestry; b) Appropriate facilities for outdoor sport, outdoor recreation and cemeteries, provided openness of the Local Green Space is preserved and there is no conflict with the purpose of designating the site as Local Green Space; c) The extension or alteration of a building on the site, provided it does not result in disproportionate additions over and above the size of the original building; d) The replacement of a building, provided the new building is in the same use and not materially larger than the one it replaces; e) Other forms of development, including, engineering operations, local transport infrastructure, and the re-use of buildings, providing they preserve the open character of the Local Green Space and the local significance placed on such green areas which make them valued by their local community.

THE LEEDS & LIVERPOOL CANAL

Development adjacent to, adjoining or which is likely to impact upon the character of the Leeds & Liverpool Canal including the Thanet Canal (Springs Branch) in Skipton will be expected to: a) Be of a high quality design that safeguards its historic character and integrates the canal into the development proposal in a way that treats the waterway as an area of usable space; b) Integrate the waterway, towing path and canal environment into the public realm in terms of the design and management of the development; c) Improve access to, along and from the waterway, including for wheelchair-users, people with limited mobility and people with other disabilities and improve the environmental quality of the waterway corridor. This will include supporting the wildlife that uses the Canal with appropriate plantings, provision of features such as bat and bird boxes, and connectivity of habitat, and maintaining the water quality of the Canal in line with the requirements of the Water Framework Directive; d) Optimise views of water and generate natural surveillance of water space through the siting, configuration and orientation of buildings, recognising that appropriate boundary treatment and access issues may differ between the towing path and offside of the canal, and; e) Improve the amenity of the canal. Development that would have an adverse impact on the amenity of the canal by virtue of noise, odour or visual impact will not be supported.

GREEN WEDGES

Green Wedges will help settlements to grow in ways that maintain and reinforce their individual character and identity, by safeguarding against the coalescence of separate built-up areas, and will help to maintain and, wherever possible, enhance local recreational opportunities. Therefore, within the Green Wedges listed below and defined on the Policies Map, development will be resisted where it would fail to preserve the separate character and identity of settlements or would fail to preserve the sense of separation between settlements. In addition, the Council will seek to consolidate, strengthen and enhance the character, appearance and, where appropriate, recreational value of these areas. 1. Land between High and Low Bentham. 2. Land between Glusburn, Cross Hills, Sutton-in-Craven, Farnhill and Kildwick and up to the plan area/district/county boundary, near Eastburn, West Yorkshire.

BIODIVERSITY

Growth in housing, business and other land uses on allocated and non-allocated sites will be accompanied by improvements in biodiversity. This means that: a) Wherever possible, development will make a positive contribution towards achieving a net gain in biodiversity and in particular will: i) Ensure that there is no adverse effect on any international designated site's integrity, either alone or in combination with other plans and projects, which is to be demonstrated through Appropriate Assessment. In cases where Appropriate Assessment concludes that adverse effects cannot be avoided or adequately mitigated, development proposals will not be acceptable unless the IROPI test under Article 6(4) of the EU Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Flora and Fauna (The Habitats Directive) has been passed and appropriate and suitable compensatory measures are provided; ii) Ensure that there is no adverse impact on any national or local designated sites and their settings, unless it has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the local planning authority that the benefit of, and need for the development clearly outweighs the impact on the importance of the designation; iii) Avoid the loss of, and encourage the recovery or enhancement of ecological networks, habitats and species populations (especially priority habitats and species as identified in the Craven Biodiversity Action Plan, 2008 or any subsequent update) by incorporating beneficial biodiversity features in the design (i.e. through landscaping or SuDS); iv) Conserve and manage the biodiversity and/or geodiversity value of land and buildings within the site; v) Increase trees and woodlands by incorporating appropriate planting, using native and locally characteristic tree and plant species where possible, and retaining and integrating existing mature and healthy trees and hedgerows that make a positive contribution to the character, appearance and setting of an area; vi) Ensure there is no deterioration in the Water Framework Directive ecological status of surface or ground waterbodies as a result of the development; vii) Enable wildlife to move more freely and easily throughout the local environment, including both the natural and built elements. b) Development proposals should achieve benefits in biodiversity that are equal to, or where possible exceed the biodiversity value of the site prior to development. Where improvements in biodiversity are achievable these should be on site; however if this is not possible or practical, an equivalent improvement should be provided off-site by way of mitigation; ideally, this should be as close to the site as possible. c) Development proposals that result in a significant loss in, or harm to, biodiversity on site, and where no compensatory measures are proposed, will be resisted. d) Would-be developers should be aware that compensation through replacement of biodiversity assets may not be practical or realistic in every case (e.g. recreating ancient woodland or ancient wood pastures) and that any development scheme based on such impractical or unrealistic proposals will not be acceptable. e) The loss or deterioration of irreplaceable habitats, including ancient woodland and the loss of aged or veteran trees found outside ancient woodland would be wholly exceptional. f) The following allocated sites are accompanied by guiding development principles which identify indicative areas of green infrastructure within each site where an overall net gain in biodiversity will be expected: [table of sites with reference, address, approx area of green infrastructure, and inset map details]

COUNTRYSIDE AND LANDSCAPE

Sustainable growth will ensure that the quality of Craven's countryside and landscape is conserved for future generations to enjoy; and that opportunities to restore and enhance the landscape are taken wherever possible. To achieve this, the Council will: a) Expect new development proposals, in those areas not subject to national landscape designations, to respect, safeguard, and wherever possible, restore or enhance the landscape character of the area. Proposals should have regard to the relevant Landscape Character Appraisal/Assessment, and specifically to the different landscape character types that are present in the plan area. Regard should also be had to the relevant profiled Natural England Character Areas (listed at para 5.5) and the North Yorkshire and York Landscape Characterisation Project (2011) (or successor documents). Proposals will show how they respond to the particular character area and type they are located within. b) Support proposals that secure the restoration of degraded landscapes, in ways that also help to achieve biodiversity and heritage objectives. c) Support proposals which secure the preservation and appropriate restoration or enhancement of natural and historic man-made features. d) In determining proposals which affect the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and its setting or the setting of the Yorkshire Dales National Park, the Council will give great weight to conservation of their special qualities, including their landscape, scenic beauty and intrinsically dark landscapes (for the enjoyment and experience of dark skies). In addition, proposals will be considered on a needs basis, should be in scale with, and have respect for their surroundings and be in line with the AONB or National Park Management Plan objectives. e) Support proposals that secure the restoration, preservation and where possible enhancement of the public rights of way network, including the improvement of existing public rights of way, the creation of new public rights of way and the promotion of disabled access to the countryside. f) Exterior lighting proposed as part of any new development should be the minimum required and only appropriate to its purpose, so as to protect the area's natural surroundings and intrinsic darkness. Proposals for exterior lights shall demonstrate there is no significant adverse effect, individually or cumulatively, on; the character of the area; the visibility of the night sky; biodiversity (including bats and light sensitive species); and residents, pedestrians or drivers. g) Enable settlements to grow in ways that respect their form, distribution and landscape setting. Important considerations will include; allowing the countryside to permeate built-up areas; maintaining gaps between settlements in order to preserve their separate identities; and preserving and creating connections between built-up areas and the countryside, including existing and new public rights of way.

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

Growth in housing, business and other land uses will be accompanied by an improved and expanded green infrastructure network. This will be achieved in the following ways. a) Wherever possible, development proposals will: i) Avoid the significant loss of, or harm to, existing green infrastructure assets and the disruption or fragmentation of the green infrastructure network; ii) Enhance existing or create new green infrastructure and secure its long-term management and maintenance; iii) Enhance existing or create new links in the green infrastructure network, including habitat corridors that help wildlife to move more freely through the local environment. b) Development proposals should achieve improvements to the green infrastructure network where possible. Where improvements are viable these should be achieved on site, however if this is not possible or practical, contributions for off-site enhancements should be made for projects as close to the site as possible in order to promote linkages and stepping stones across the green infrastructure network. c) Development proposals that result in a significant fragmentation or loss to the green infrastructure network, and where no compensatory measures are proposed, will be resisted. d) The following allocated sites are accompanied by guiding development principles which set out more specifically how improvements and growth to the green infrastructure network can be achieved on each site: [sites listed in table]

FLOOD RISK

Growth in Craven will help to avoid and alleviate flood risk in the following ways: a) Development will take place in areas of low flood risk wherever possible and always in areas with the lowest acceptable flood risk, by taking into account the development's vulnerability to flooding and by applying any necessary sequential and exception test. b) Development will safeguard waterways and benefit the local environment (aesthetically and ecologically) by incorporating sustainable drainage systems (SuDS); where the use of SuDS is not possible, feasible or appropriate other means of flood prevention and water management should be used. All surface water drainage systems (SuDS or other) should be economically maintained for the lifetime of the development. c) Development will maintain adequate and easy access to watercourses and flood defences, so that they may be managed and maintained by the relevant authority. d) Development will avoid areas with the potential to increase flood resilience, and seek to enhance as far as possible the natural capacity of soils, vegetation, river floodplains, wetland and upland habitats to reduce flood risk. e) Development will minimise the risk of surface water flooding by ensuring adequate provision for foul and surface water disposal in advance of occupation (as per standards set out by the Environment Agency and subsequent updates to the standards, see Appendix C). Surface water should be managed at the source and not transferred, and every option should be investigated before discharging surface water into a public sewerage network. f) Development will maximise opportunities to help reduce the causes and impacts of flooding by ensuring adequate sufficient attenuation and long term storage is provided to accommodate storm water on site without risk to people or property and without overflowing into a watercourse (as per standards set out by the Environment Agency and subsequent updates to the standards, see Appendix C).

LAND AND AIR QUALITY

Land Quality Growth in Craven will help to safeguard and improve land quality in the following ways: a) Ensuring significant development avoids the plan area's best and most versatile agricultural land (grade 3) wherever possible, unless the need for and benefit of development justifies the scale and nature of the loss. b) The re-use of previously developed (brownfield) land of low environmental value will be encouraged and supported. c) The remediation of contaminated and unstable land will be encouraged and supported, taking into account what may be necessary, possible, safe and viable. Air Quality Growth in Craven will help to safeguard and improve air quality in the following ways: d) Development will avoid severe residual cumulative impacts of traffic congestion and wherever possible, will help to ease existing traffic congestion. e) The location, layout and design of development will encourage walking, cycling and the use of public transport and electric vehicles. Green travel plans will promote reductions in car use. f) The location, layout and design of development will avoid or reduce harmful or unpleasant emissions from buildings, and mitigation measures will be introduced where necessary.

WATER RESOURCES, WATER QUALITY AND GROUNDWATER

Growth in Craven will help to safeguard and improve water resources in the following ways: Water Resources a) Development will be served by adequate sewerage and waste water treatment infrastructure, which matches the type, scale, location and phasing of the development, and which safeguards surface and ground water resources. b) Development will maximise opportunities for the incorporation of water conservation into its design, including the collection and re-use of water on site. Water Quality c) Development will reduce the risk of pollution and deterioration of water resources by anticipating any likely impact and incorporating adequate mitigation measures into the design. d) Development will not lead to pollution of controlled waters in line with the requirements of the Water Framework Directive. Groundwater e) Developers will protect surface and groundwater from potentially polluting development and activity, by carrying out preliminary site investigations prior to permission being granted to ensure that land is suitable for the intended use. f) Developers will ensure that sources of groundwater supply are protected by guiding development away from identified Source Protection Zones (SPZ), i.e. areas close to drinking water sources where the risk associated with groundwater contamination is greatest. The Source Protection Zones in the Craven plan area are shown on the Proposals Map.

HERITAGE

Craven's historic environment will be conserved and, where appropriate, enhanced and its potential to contribute towards the economic regeneration, tourism and education of the area fully exploited. This will be achieved through:- a) Paying particular attention to the conservation of those elements which contribute most to the District's distinctive character and sense of place. These include:- i) The legacy of mills, chimneys, and terraced housing associated with the textile industry; ii) The bridges and structures associated with the Settle-Carlisle Railway; iii) The buildings, bridges, locks and other and structures associated with the Leeds-Liverpool Canal and Thanet Canal; iv) The historic market towns of Skipton and Settle; v) Skipton Castle, the castle grounds and the castle's extensive landscape setting, including the medieval hunting park, Skipton Woods and Civil War Battery; vi) The legacy of traditional barns and other buildings and structures associated with the farming industry and historic land estates. b) Ensuring that proposals affecting a designated heritage asset (or an archaeological site of national importance) conserve those elements which contribute to its significance. The more important the asset, the greater the weight that will be given to its conservation. Harm to such elements will be permitted only where this is outweighed by the public benefits of the proposal. Substantial harm to the significance of a designated heritage asset (or an archaeological site of national importance) will be permitted only in exceptional circumstances where it can be demonstrated that there are substantial public benefits that outweigh that harm or loss. c) Supporting proposals that would preserve or enhance the character or appearance of a Conservation Area, especially those elements which have been identified in a Conservation Area Appraisal as making a positive contribution to its significance. d) Ensuring that proposals affecting an archaeological site of less than national importance conserve those elements which contribute to its significance in line with the importance of the remains. In those cases where development affecting such sites is acceptable in principle, mitigation of damage will be ensured through preservation of the remains in situ as a preferred solution. When in situ preservation is not justified, the developer will be required to make adequate provision for excavation and recording before or during development. e) Supporting proposals which conserve Craven's non-designated heritage assets. Developments which would remove, harm or undermine the significance of such assets, or their contribution to the character of a place will only be permitted where the benefits of the development would outweigh the harm having regard to the scale of the harm and the significance of the heritage asset. f) Supporting proposals which will help to secure a sustainable future for Craven's heritage assets, especially those identified as being at greatest risk of loss or decay.

SPECIALIST HOUSING FOR OLDER PEOPLE

The diverse housing needs of older people in the area will be met by:- a) supporting the provision of specialist housing for older people across all tenures in locations with reasonable access to local services, facilities and public transport, provided proposals accord with Policy SP4, H2, and INF3 and all other relevant local plan policies; b) supporting proposals to adapt/extend existing residential properties to meet the needs of those with disabilities and older people; c) allocating specific sites in Settle, Bentham and Gargrave within Policies SP6, SP7 and SP10 respectively for delivering specialist forms of residential accommodation to meet the housing needs of older people.

RESIDENTIAL USES IN TOWN, DISTRICT AND LOCAL CENTRES

Skipton Primary Shopping Area Within the primary shopping area (PSA) of Skipton, as identified on the policies map, the primarily retail function of this area will be safeguarded and protected. Within the PSA of Skipton, proposals for residential use at ground floor level will not be permitted where this would lead to a significant adverse impact on vitality and viability. Skirpton and Settle Town Centre Areas Proposals for standalone residential uses that require planning permission within the identified town centre areas of Skipton and Settle will be supported where it can be adequately demonstrated that the proposed residential use will not result in the loss of retail, commercial, leisure accommodation or premises suitable for community uses and will not result in significant adverse impact on town centre vitality and viability. Within the identified town centre areas of Skipton and Settle, mixed use regeneration proposals that include an element of residential uses will be supported where the mix of uses underpins and enhances the vitality and viability of those centres. Bentham District Centre, Cross Hills District Centre, Ingleton Local Centre Proposals for residential uses at ground floor level within the District Centres of Bentham and Cross Hills and the Local Centre of Ingleton, as identified on the policies map, will be supported where the retail, commercial and leisure function of the District or Local centre is not undermined. First floor residential use At first floor level, proposals for residential uses within the identified primary shopping area of Skipton, within the identified town centre boundaries of Skipton and Settle and the district/local centres of Bentham, Cross Hills and Ingleton will be supported where it can be demonstrated that the proposal will not undermine the retail function of the identified centre; supports and enhances the vitality of the centre and accords with other relevant plan policies.

AFFORDABLE HOUSING

a) Affordable housing will be provided as part of general market housing developments, as follows: I. On greenfield sites, developments of 11 dwellings or more, and developments with a combined gross floor area of more than 1000 sqm will provide not less than 30% of new dwellings as affordable housing. In designated rural areas, developments on greenfield sites of 6 to 10 dwellings, will be required to make an equivalent financial contribution for affordable housing. II On brownfield sites, developments of 11 dwellings or more, and developments with a combined gross floor area of more than 1000sqm will provide not less than 25% of new dwellings as affordable housing. In designated rural areas, developments on brownfield sites of 6 to 10 dwellings will be required to make an equivalent financial contribution for affordable housing. b) Affordable housing will be provided as part of specialist housing developments for older people where falling within Use Class C3 as follows: Age Restricted/Sheltered Housing I. On greenfield sites, developments of Age Restricted/Sheltered Housing or similar housing included in Policy H1, will provide not less than 30% new dwellings as affordable housing; II. On brownfield sites, developments of Age Restricted/Sheltered Housing or similar housing included in Policy H1, will provide not less than 25% of new dwellings as affordable housing; Assisted Living/Extra Care Housing III. On greenfield sites developments of Assisted Living/Extra Care Housing, or similar housing included in Policy H1, will provide not less than 12% of new dwellings as affordable housing. IV. On brownfield sites developments of Assisted Living/Extra Care Housing or similar housing included in Policy H1, will provide not less than 7% of new dwellings as affordable housing. c) Providing an off-site contribution in lieu of an on-site contribution will only be supported where there are clear advantages or overriding reasons for doing so and the off-site contribution is preferable in terms of achieving housing and planning objectives and will contribute to the objective of creating mixed and balanced communities. In these circumstances, proposals will be expected to make a financial contribution equivalent to the on-site provision. d) Development proposals that seek to provide a lower level of affordable housing contribution, either on or off site, will not be acceptable unless it can be clearly demonstrated that exceptional circumstances exist which justify a reduced affordable housing contribution. In such exceptional circumstances, the local planning authority will look to maximise provision of affordable housing having regard to the circumstances of individual sites and scheme viability. Developers will be expected to conduct negotiations on a transparent and 'open book' basis. The local planning authority will apply vacant building credit in all appropriate circumstances, in accordance with the NPPF and the PPG and will reduce on-site and/or financial contributions accordingly. e) Affordable housing will also be provided by: I. supporting registered providers in bringing forward developments of 100% affordable housing within Tiers 1 to 5 of the spatial strategy, in accordance with Policy SP4; II. supporting in principle, the release of rural exception sites and III. supporting registered providers in the repair, alteration and improvement of the existing affordable housing stock and the re-use of empty homes. f) The size, type and tenure of affordable units will be expected to reflect the most up-to-date evidence of affordable housing needs, from the Council's latest Strategic Housing Market Assessment and any other robust and up to date evidence of local housing need. Affordable housing contributions should comprise either social or affordable rent tenures as well as intermediate tenure types. The 2017 Craven District Strategic Housing Market Assessment indicates that this currently should be between 15% to 25% intermediate types and 75% to 85% social or affordable rent tenures. g) Affordable housing contributions will be sought from proposed developments that are phased or are brought forward in a piecemeal fashion and where the total combined, or 'holistic' development exceeds the relevant threshold. h) The provision of affordable housing will be secured via a planning obligation (section 106 agreement). The obligation will seek to ensure that affordable dwellings are maintained in perpetuity for households in affordable housing need or that the affordable housing subsidy is recycled. Rural exception sites i) Proposals for 100% affordable housing developments outside the main built up area of Tiers 2 to 5 settlements will be supported where: I. the development will help to meet but not exceed proven need in the parish or a combination of parishes, as appropriate; and II. the site is small and is physically and visually well related to the settlement; and III. provision is made for the affordable units to be maintained in perpetuity for households in affordable housing need or for the affordable housing subsidy to be recycled. j) Market housing on proposed rural exception sites will only be allowed where it can be demonstrated that: I. the market housing is essential to enable the delivery of the affordable housing by a registered provider and delivery of an appropriate mix of affordable dwelling types and tenures to reflect need in the local area; and II. the proposed market dwellings represent no more than 30% of the total number of dwellings proposed on the site and are the minimum number required to achieve viability in the absence of any public subsidy or with reduced public subsidy, and III. the developer has submitted an 'open book' viability assessment which shows that: i) aspirational land values have not been used to justify a higher proportion of market value units, and ii) viability has been based on reasonable land values for a rural exception site.

GYPSIES, TRAVELLERS, SHOWMEN AND ROMA

The housing requirements of Gypsies, Travellers, Showmen and Roma will be met by maintaining an adequate supply of private sites to occupy, in line with current evidence of existing and future need. Development of a site within the existing established supply of private sites for any other purpose will be refused, unless: a) Current evidence shows that the site is not needed; or b) The development proposal makes provision for an equivalent replacement site of an equal or better standard. Extensions to existing private sites or entirely new private sites (including temporary, permanent or transit sites) will be supported to meet existing need and where there is evidence of newly arising need, and where: c) Occupiers of the site would have access to employment, local services and facilities, including public transport, shops, schools and health care provision; d) The site is of sufficient size to provide a good residential environment for future occupiers, in terms of design, layout, spacing, provision of facilities, and amenity space; has good and safe access to the public highway and adequate space within the site for the parking and turning of vehicles; e) The site provides opportunities to reflect traditional lifestyles i.e., allowing travellers to live and work from the same location, contributing to sustainability; f) The site is or can be connected to all necessary utilities and infrastructure including mains water, electricity supply, drainage, sanitation and provision is made for the screened storage and collection of refuse, including recyclable materials; g) The proposal and neighbouring land uses can satisfactorily co-exist and the proposal relates well in scale and location to existing neighbouring occupiers; h) Occupiers of the site and their belongings are not exposed to unacceptable environmental conditions including flood risk; and i) Any potential impacts on the environment can be avoided or adequately mitigated and have regard to the requirements relating to protecting the natural and built environment set out in other relevant local plan policies.

MEETING HOUSING NEED

To meet the housing needs of Craven, provision is made for 4,600 net additional dwellings in the plan area over the period 1 April 2012 to 31 March 2032. This is a minimum provision and equates to an annual average housing requirement of 230 net additional dwellings per annum. The housing requirement will be provided through all of the following:- a) Net dwellings completed since 1 April 2012; b) Sites with planning permission or under construction; c) New site allocations identified in the local plan at Policies SP5, SP6, SP7, SP8, SP9, SP10 and SP11 in accordance with the distribution strategy set out at Policy SP4; d) Housing allowance for Tier 5 settlements, open countryside and small sites across the plan area identified in accordance with the distribution strategy set out at Policy SP4. Housing Monitoring shows that 924 net dwellings have been completed between 1 April 2012 and 31 March 2018, the balance of the housing provision for the remainder of the plan period to be provided through b), c) and d) above is therefore 3676 net additional dwellings

HOUSING MIX AND DENSITY

The mix and density of new housing developments will ensure that land is used in an effective and efficient manner to address local housing needs. This will be achieved in the following ways: a) The local planning authority will require new housing developments to provide an appropriate mix of housing having regard to the dwelling size and mix recommended in the SHMA, its successor or other appropriate and up to date evidence of local housing need. b) The local planning authority will require new housing developments to be developed at appropriate densities, which make effective and efficient use of land and have regard to local and site-specific circumstances. In typical greenfield developments or in brownfield developments with no significant element of conversion, the appropriate housing density should be approximately 32 dwellings per hectare (net). c) The local planning authority will be flexible in its requirements for housing mix and density where this is necessary to ensure scheme viability, to take account of local variations in housing need, to better promote balanced mixed communities or to achieve other local plan objectives.

SPATIAL STRATEGY AND HOUSING GROWTH

A sustainable pattern of growth will be promoted to deliver the spatial strategy of the plan over the plan period 2012 to 2032. This will be achieved by:- A. Directing most growth towards Skipton as the Tier 1 settlement (Principal Town Service Centre); B. Directing a level of growth to Settle and Bentham to underpin and enhance their roles as Tier 2 settlements (Key Service Centres); C. Directing a proportionate level of growth to Glusburn/Cross Hills, Gargrave and Ingleton to underpin their roles as Tier 3 settlements (Local Service Centres); D. Directing limited growth towards Tier 4a settlements (Villages with Basic Services) to sustain their vitality and function; E. Directing limited growth towards Tier 4b settlements (Villages with Basic Services Bisected by the National Park Boundary) to reflect their roles as tourism hubs or gateways on the edge of the Yorkshire Dales National Park; F. Directing a low level of growth to Tier 5 settlements and the open countryside to support a sustainable, vibrant and healthy rural economy and communities; G. Delivering growth on sites that have planning permission and sites that are allocated for development under Policies SP5 to SP11; H. Supporting proposals for additional housing growth on non-allocated land for housing within the main built up areas of Tier 1, 2, 3, 4a and 4b settlements provided they accord with all other relevant local plan and neighbourhood plan policies; I. Supporting the release of non-allocated sites for housing that adjoin the main built up area of Tier 1 to 4 settlements where:- a) it can be demonstrated that the planned growth in the spatial strategy for the settlement will not be delivered during the plan period, with the exception of Bolton Abbey (where Policy EC4A of this plan provides for limited new housing) and Long Preston, or b) it is a rural exception site in accordance with Policy H2 of the local plan, or c) development is justified by special economic, environmental and/or social circumstances. Proposals justified under a), b) or c) above, will be supported provided that they:- i) are consistent with the role and function of the settlement in the spatial strategy; ii) are proportionate to the size of the settlement; iii) are complementary to the settlement's form, character and appearance; iv) would conserve the character and appearance of the countryside; v) would avoid contributing towards the coalescence of settlements; and vi) accord with all other relevant local plan policies or neighbourhood plan policies. J. Supporting proposals for housing within the main built up area of Tier 5 settlements which is necessary to maintain a sustainable, vibrant and healthy rural economy and communities, provided that the proposal is in accordance with criteria I i) to vi) above and is:- a) small in scale compared to the size of the settlement and limited to around 4 dwellings, unless justified by special economic, environmental and/or social circumstances; or b) for an affordable housing rural exception site in accordance with Policy H2; or c) required in order to secure significant improvements to the environment or conservation of designated heritage assets; or d) justified through the neighbourhood planning process, and e) accords with all other relevant policies in the local plan. K. Limiting proposals for new homes in the countryside away from existing settlements. Unless permitted by criteria G, I or J above, or allocated for alternative uses by other local plan policies, land outside the main built up areas of Tier 1-5 settlements will be defined as open countryside. Within the open countryside residential development will be supported provided that:- a) the proposal would meet an essential need for a rural worker to live permanently at or near their place of work in the countryside; b) the proposal is required in order to secure significant improvements to the environment or conservation of a designated heritage asset, and such development would represent the optimal viable use of a heritage asset or would be appropriate enabling development to secure the future of heritage assets; c) the proposal is for the re-use of one or more redundant or disused buildings and would enhance the immediate setting; or d) the design is of exceptional quality and in accordance with the National Planning Policy Framework.

STRATEGY FOR SKIPTON – TIER 1

Skipton is the primary focus for growth and provision is made for the following development areas to meet the housing needs, commercial and employment space in the town: Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

Strategy for Bentham – Tier 2

Bentham is a secondary location for growth in the plan area, reflecting its role as a key service centre in the north sub area and providing serviced employment land and housing growth to underpin growing prosperity in the town; capitalise on linkages with the rail connected university city of Lancaster, and the tourism potential of the Forest of Bowland AONB. Provision is made for the following development areas to meet housing needs and bolster prosperity and resilience in the town: Housing Sites: Site Ref Location Approx. Area (Ha) Approx. Yield HB011 Primary school, east of Robin Lane, west of Lowcroft, High Bentham 1.0 72 HB023 North of Low Bentham Road, High Bentham 1.7 53 HB024 North of Lakeber Drive, High Bentham 0.9 29 HB025 East of Butts Lane, High Bentham 1.0 32 HB026 North of Springfield Crescent and east of Butts Lane, High Bentham 2.6 82 HB038 Land south of Low Bentham Road, High Bentham C3 0.6 D1 0.3 19 HB044 Land to west of Goodenber Road, High Bentham 1.9 61 HB052 Land to north west of Bank Head Farm and south of Ghyllhead Farm, High Bentham 5.7 118 LB012 Wenning View, Low Bentham Road, Low Bentham 0.6 18 Approx. Total 14.2 484 Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

STRATEGY FOR GLUSBURN/CROSS HILLS – TIER 3

Located between Skipton and Steeton/Silsden in Bradford district, Glusburn/Cross Hills is a substantial centre of population in Craven and is a service centre. There are however physical constraints to growth that influence future growth and direction. A proportionate level of growth is directed towards to Glusburn/Cross Hills which takes account of this role, recognises associated infrastructure constraints and accounts for development opportunities. Provision is made for the following sites to secure growth that underpins the role and function of Glusburn/Cross Hills: Housing Sites: Site Ref Location Approx. Area (Ha) Approx. Yield SC085 Land at Malsis, Glusburn 12.7 67 SC037(a) Land at Ashfield Farm, Skipton Road, Cross Hills 0.8 25 Approx. Total 13.5 92 Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

STRATEGY FOR INGLETON –TIER 3

Located to the north of Low and High Bentham and adjacent to the A65, Ingleton is a tourist and employment centre, with a village centre that is struggling for vitality. A proportionate level of growth is directed towards Ingleton to bolster its' role and function as a local service centre, and provision is made for the following sites to achieve this: Housing Sites: Site Ref Location Approx. Area (Ha) Approx. Yield IN006 CDC car park, Backgate, Ingleton 0.2 6 IN010 Caravan Park, north of River Greta, Ingleton 0.4 13 IN028 Between Ingleborough Park Drive and Low Demesne, Ingleton. 0.9 29 IN029 East of New Village and south of Low Demense, Ingleton. 1.2 36 IN049 Former playing fields, Ingleton Middle School, Ingleton. 0.7 21 Total 3.4 105 Employment Sites: Site Ref Location Net Dev Area (Ha) Uses IN022 and IN035 Land adjacent to southern edge of industrial estate, off New Road and west of Tatterthorn Lane (Extensions to existing employment area) 2.9 B1, B2 and B8 Total 2.9 Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

STRATEGY FOR GARGRAVE – TIER 3

Located astride the A65 and benefitting from rail connections with Skipton, Settle, Lancaster and beyond, Gargrave provides employment opportunities and has an active community set within a high quality built environment. A neighbourhood plan is in preparation. A proportionate level of growth is directed towards Gargrave to underpin and bolster its' role and function as a local service centre. Housing Sites: GA004 Neville House, Neville Crescent, Gargrave 0.4 ha, 14 dwellings GA009 Land off Eshton Road, north of Canal, Gargrave 3.8 ha, 60 dwellings GA031 Land to the west of Walton Close, Gargrave 1.4 ha, 44 dwellings Total 5.6 ha, 118 dwellings Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

STRATEGY FOR TIER 4A AND 4B VILLAGES WITH BASIC SERVICES AND BISECTED VILLAGES WITH BASIC SERVICES

Tier 4 settlements will receive a limited amount of growth that underpins their role and function as settlements with basic services and to ensure ongoing sustainability. Villages with basic services and/or tourism function which are bisected by the National Park boundary also receive an appropriate level of growth on the following sites: Housing Sites: BU012 Richard Thornton's CE Primary School, Burton in Lonsdale 0.7 ha, 15 dwellings BR016 Land to west of Gilders, Langholme Skipton Road, Low Bradley 0.8 ha, 25 dwellings SG014 Land at Lord's Close, Giggleswick 1.1 ha, 35 dwellings Mixed Use Housing and Employment Site: CN006 Station Works, north of Cononley Lane, Cononley 2.2 ha net dev area, C3 94 dwellings, B1 0.15 ha Approx. Total 4.8 ha, 169 dwellings Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

STRATEGY FOR SETTLE – TIER 2

Settle is a secondary location for growth in the plan area, providing serviced employment land and housing growth to reflect the role of Settle as a rail connected key service centre for the mid sub area. Development will provide housing to meet local needs whilst employment development will ensure that a medium to long term supply of serviced employment land is delivered to provide opportunities for entrepreneurs and businesses to expand and locate in the mid sub area. Provision is made for the following sites and locations to meet these aims: Housing Sites: Site Ref Location Approx. Area (Ha) Approx Yield SG021, SG066, SG080 Land to the north-west and south-west of Penny Green, Settle 3.7 80 SG025 Land to the south of Ingfield Lane, Settle 11.4 125 SG027, SG068 Land to the south of Brockhole View and west of Brockhole Lane, Settle 2.6 57 SG032 Car park, off Lower Greenfoot and Commercial Street, Settle 0.4 13 SG035 F H Ellis Garage, Settle 0.2 32 SG042 NYCC Depot, Kirkgate, Settle 0.3 10 SG079 Land to the north of Town Head Way, Settle 1.7 26 LA004 Land to north of Barrel Sykes, Settle 0.6 18 Total 20.9 361 Employment/Mixed Use Sites: Site Ref Location Approx. Area (Ha) Approx Yield SG060 Northern part of Sowarth Industrial Estate, Settle 1.7 N/A SG064 Land south of Runley Bridge Farm and west of B6480 Minimum 2.6ha for B1,B2 and B8 19 Proposals for development on the sites identified above will be supported subject to compliance with the following Development Principles for each site.

PLANNING OBLIGATIONS

Where necessary, planning obligations will help to mitigate the impact of Craven's growth, support the provision of local infrastructure as identified under Policies H2, INF2, INF3, INF5, INF6 and INF7, secure community benefits and achieve sustainable development. This will be done in the following ways: a) Planning obligations will be required where the form of development needs to be prescribed or where proposed development needs to be accompanied by new or improved infrastructure, facilities or services, or by environmental improvements. b) Contributions secured through planning obligations may be required on-site or off-site or via the payment of funds; may be linked to the phasing of development and may be co-ordinated in partnership with infrastructure providers, service providers or other relevant bodies. c) Financial contributions secured through planning obligations may be pooled to address needs or cumulative impacts arising from more than one development proposal. d) Development proposals will be refused if they are likely to have any relevant and significant adverse impact, including cumulative impact, that cannot be adequately mitigated by a planning obligation (or planning condition, if appropriate). e) Negotiations undertaken during pre-application discussions or during the planning application process will take account of scheme viability and site specific circumstances. f) Individual planning obligations will be renegotiated where a relevant and significant change in circumstances has occurred and the obligation no longer serves a useful purpose. This will include changes in scheme viability where this can be supported by compelling viability evidence. Applications to remove or modify affordable housing obligations will be determined solely on the economic viability of meeting those obligations. g) Applicants will be expected to make adequate viability evidence available and to adopt a transparent and open book approach to negotiations. Financial or other sensitive information, which may be made available during negotiations, will be treated as confidential, unless the applicant indicates otherwise. h) Planning obligations relating to financial contributions will specify a point in time at which funds will be returned, if they have not already been used for their intended purpose. i) Proposals for the development of starter-home exception sites will be exempt from planning obligations and planning conditions requiring the provision of affordable housing or tariff style contributions.

Communications Infrastructure

The expansion of communications infrastructure including Next Generation Access broadband (or its equivalent) will be supported. This will be achieved by: a) Supporting the expansion of communications networks which use existing infrastructure, including masts and structures; b) Supporting the provision of new communications infrastructure where it can be demonstrated that using existing infrastructure or equipment would not be feasible and provided the proposal does not have a significant adverse impact on the character or appearance of the surrounding area. Where apparatus or associated infrastructure is proposed to be located on a building, the proposal will be supported provided the siting, scale and design of the apparatus or associated infrastructure does not have a significant adverse impact on the external appearance of the building. c) Ensuring the location and design of proposals avoid harm to sensitive areas* or buildings/structures and accord with local plan Policies ENV1: Countryside and Landscape, ENV2: Heritage, and ENV4 Biodiversity. * Sensitive areas are identified as Forest of Bowland AONB (including setting); Yorkshire Dales National Park (including setting), Conservation Areas, Listed Buildings, Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Registered Parks and Gardens, Special Protection Areas (SPA), and Special Areas of Conservation (SAC), Sites of Importance for Nature Conservation (SINC), Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Ancient Woodland. Broadband Access in New Developments: d) All new development proposals will be required to demonstrate the anticipated connectivity requirements of the proposed use and how the development will contribute to, and be compatible with, Next Generation Access broadband (or its equivalent). e) All new development will be required to enable a Next Generation Access broadband connection (or its equivalent) where viable. Where it can be demonstrated that the provision of a Next Generation Access broadband connection (or its equivalent) is not viable or possible, proposals should provide a minimum download connection of 10Mbps or the requirements of any universal service obligation, whichever is greater, and incorporate suitable infrastructure to support delivery of Next Generation Access broadband (or its equivalent) at a future date. f) Applicants proposing major development schemes should engage with communication providers and local broadband groups to explore how Next Generation Access broadband (or its equivalent) can be provided and how the development may contribute to and integrate with active broadband projects within the local area.

Education Provision

Craven's growth will ensure that a sufficient choice of school places is available to meet the needs of existing and new residents. This will be achieved in the following ways: a) Supporting proposals for the provision of new, replacement and extended or altered schools which are of a scale in keeping with the location, are accessible and accord with all relevant local plan policies and any relevant neighbourhood plan policies. b) Unless the educational need is met elsewhere in Skipton, 1.8 hectares of land will be safeguarded for new primary school provision in Skipton within the following sites allocated in the Local Plan, in accordance with Policy SP5: i. SK0081, SK0082, and SK0108: Land north of Gargrave Road and west of Park Wood Drive and Stirtonber, and ii. SK089 and SK090: Land to the north of Airedale Avenue and Elsey Croft and east of the railway line. c) Unless the educational need is met elsewhere in Bentham, 0.3 hectares of land will be safeguarded for an extension to Bentham Primary School within land allocation HB038, in accordance with Policy SP7. d) Where a residential or mixed use development would result in a deficit of school places in the area, and is above the site size threshold below, it will be required to provide developer contributions for education provision, in accordance with Policy INF1 and Appendix B of this plan, or any subsequent supplementary planning document, to meet the resultant deficit. The site threshold sizes, controls and exemptions, which apply are: i. For primary schools: more than 25 dwellings in the town of Skipton and 15 or more dwellings outside of Skipton, and ii. For secondary schools: more than 100 dwellings across the plan area. iii. Contributions will be sought from proposed developments on local plan allocated sites, and on windfall sites that are phased or are brought forward in a piecemeal fashion and where the total combined, or 'holistic' development of the allocated or windfall site exceeds the relevant threshold. iv. Contributions will not be sought from sheltered accommodation or genuine elderly person, student or holiday accommodation, temporary housing or bedsits and one bedroomed dwellings.

Infrastructure, Strategy and Development Delivery

Planned Infrastructure The infrastructure required arising from the delivery of the planned growth in the local plan is set out in the Infrastructure Delivery Plan (IDP) which is part of the evidence base of the local plan. Decisions on the timing of infrastructure delivery identified in the IDP are kept under review but will be tied to the timing of growth delivery over the plan period. The Council will work to mitigate and minimise adverse impacts that may arise from the delivery of the local plan in terms of infrastructure provision. Development proposals are expected to either provide, or enable the provision of, infrastructure which is directly related to, or made necessary by that development. Where infrastructure cannot be provided directly, the Council will seek developer contributions through planning obligations in accordance with Policy INF1 or Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL) if and when a CIL charge has been adopted under the relevant Regulations. The Council expects infrastructure improvements and investments to be delivered by development, or through developer contributions secured by legal agreement or CIL. Delivery of infrastructure should be timely and to an adoptable standard, as specified by the relevant responsible statutory undertaker, organisation or authority. Proposals for the necessary maintenance, upgrading and expansion of utilities infrastructure will be supported in principle.

THE PRESUMPTION IN FAVOUR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The Craven local plan provides a positive planning framework for guiding development and change in Craven in line with national planning policy. At the heart of the local plan is the aim to deliver sustainable growth. The council will take a positive and proactive approach to the consideration of development proposals that reflects the presumption in favour of sustainable development that is contained in the national planning policy framework (NPPF). The council will take a proactive approach and will work cooperatively with people and organisations wishing to carry out development and applying for planning permission, to find solutions to secure sustainable development that meets relevant plan policies and can be approved wherever possible. Development that accords with the provisions of the local plan (and neighbourhood plan where applicable) will be approved unless material considerations indicate otherwise. Where the local plan (or neighbourhood plan where applicable) is silent, or where relevant policies have become out of date, proposals for development will be approved, unless there are sound planning reasons why development should not be approved, taking into account whether: a) any adverse impacts of development would outweigh the benefits, when assessed against the national planning policy framework (taken as a whole); or b) specific policies in the national planning policy framework indicate that development should be restricted.

TOURISM–LED DEVELOPMENT AT BOLTON ABBEY

The provision of sensitive and sustainable tourism-led, mixed-use development at Bolton Abbey will be supported within the Core Visitor Area indicated on the Policies Map (Inset Map No.24). In particular, within the Core Visitor Area, the following mix of uses will be supported in principle subject to their scale, design, location, inter-relationships and cumulative impact upon the historic environment, ecology, flood risk and landscape character being acceptable: • Tourism facilities, including but not limited to, farm shop, play barn and eating/drinking establishments; • New build visitor accommodation; • New infrastructure necessary to promote and improve cycling and walking; • Limited residential development to provide staff accommodation and market housing, which conforms to policies elsewhere in the Local Plan; • Limited commercial development, which conforms to policies elsewhere in the Local Plan. Larger scale development will be restricted to the following general locations indicated on the Policies Map (Inset Map No. 24): • Land including and surrounding the main village car park at Bolton Abbey village • Land to the north-north-west of the B6160 / A59 roundabout at Bolton Bridge • Land north of the highway spur (part of former A59) to the west of the B6160 at Bolton Bridge A comprehensive strategy and Masterplan for the Core Visitor Area, including detailed development and design principles and a Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment, shall be produced to the satisfaction of the local planning authorities in consultation with key stakeholders, including Historic England, Natural England and the Environment Agency. Development proposals will be expected to accord with the principles of the Masterplan and developments which would prejudice the delivery of the related strategy for the Core Visitor Area will not be permitted.

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT COMMITMENT AT HELLIFIELD

Alternative sustainable tourism development will be supported on land at Hellifield identified as grey hatching on Diagram EC4B, provided that the following requirements are met: I) Conservation of the landscape and of the setting and special qualities of the Yorkshire Dales National Park II) Conservation of heritage assets, including archaeological remains, the Long Preston Conservation Area and the Settle-Carlisle Conservation Area III) Conservation of biodiversity value IV) Preservation or enhancement of Local Green Space, including its open character, local significance and value to the community V) Preservation and enhancement of the existing public rights of way network VI) Preservation or enhancement of the character and appearance of the local area. Proposals that include the development of non-designated land (shown in white on Diagram EC4B) for the purposes of sustainable tourism will be supported in principle, provided that: i) the land adjoins an area identified by grey hatching on the Policies Map and Diagram EC4B; and ii) the amount of any such land is limited in scale compared to the amount of adjoining land identified by grey hatching; and iii) the proposal meets the requirements of I) to VI) above. Individual proposals that accord with the Council's approach set out above must also accord with all other relevant local plan policies and any relevant neighbourhood plan policies.

Tourism

Tourism will grow in a sustainable way, so that it helps to improve the economy, environment and quality of life. Such growth will be achieved by: a) Enabling established destinations to become even better through the development of new and improved facilities; b) Helping up-and-coming destinations to establish themselves and become successful; c) Recognising opportunities to bring tourism into new areas that have untapped potential, including new types of activity and new destinations; d) Acknowledging the range of sporting, recreational, cultural, arts, wildlife and leisurely activities that people may wish to engage in as tourists; e) Ensuring that tourism development provides easy access to the network of public transport services, footpaths and cycle routes (including canal towpaths) in the area and, wherever possible, secures the improvement and expansion of that network; f) Realising opportunities, where they arise, to secure additional knock-on benefits from placing tourism development and other forms of business and commercial development together in the same location, thereby achieving synergies of co-location; g) Supporting, in principle, proposals for tourism development and for achieving synergies of co-location, in the following key locations for tourism development identified on the policies map; Bolton Abbey/Bolton Abbey Railway Station, Broughton Hall Estate, Ingleton – viaduct area, Gargrave – canal area, Skipton – canal and railway station area, Bentham – railway station area, Hellifield – railway station area, Embsay – railway station area; h) Ensuring that the benefits of tourism growth – to the economy, environment and quality of life – are felt as broadly as possible within local communities; i) Securing appropriate community use of private facilities provided as part of tourism development

TOWN, DISTRICT AND LOCAL CENTRES

Proposals for the ongoing enhancement and focus of town and village centres as locations for commercial, retail, leisure, cultural and community activity (town centre uses) will be supported in line with the following hierarchy: Level 1 Town Centre – Skipton Within the Primary Shopping Area, as identified on the policies map, the retail role and function of the area will be safeguarded to protect its vitality and viability. Changes of use from retailing (Class A1) to other uses will not be permitted where this would lead to a significant adverse impact, either individually or cumulatively, on the vitality and viability of Skipton. Elsewhere within the town centre, as identified on the policies map, the commercial, retail, leisure, cultural and community functions of Skipton will be safeguarded and enhanced. Proposals for town centre uses will be supported where they underpin and support the function of the centre. Proposals for main town centre uses identified as part of the regeneration sites identified under Policy SP5 (site references SK139 and SK140) will be supported in principle, subject to meeting other relevant local plan policies, including the impact tests set out below where necessary. Level 2 Town Centre – Settle Within the town centre, as identified on the policies map, the commercial, retail, leisure, cultural and community functions of Settle will be safeguarded and enhanced. Proposals for town centre uses will be supported where they underpin and support the function of the centre. Levels 3 and 4 District and Local Centres – Bentham, Cross Hills and Ingleton Within the District and Local Centres of Bentham, Cross Hills and Ingleton, as identified on the policies map, proposals for main town centre uses will be supported where they underpin and support the commercial, retail, leisure, cultural and community functions of these District and Local centres and are commensurate in size and scale to the role and function of the centres. Retail Capacity Proposals that make contributions to meeting the identified capacity will be supported, subject to compliance with other relevant plan policies. Main Town Centre Uses Outside of Defined Town Centres Proposals for main town centre uses in locations outside of defined town centres as identified on the policies map, will be required to demonstrate that there are no sequentially preferable locations that are available and suitable for the proposed development, and that the proposal will not result in a significant adverse impact on vitality and viability.

FOOTPATHS, BRIDLEWAYS, BYWAYS AND CYCLE ROUTES

Craven's growth will safeguard and improve the quality, extent and accessibility of local footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes and the network they form. To that end, the local planning authority will support proposals that preserve and, wherever possible, enhance footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes and their settings. Specific support will be given to proposals which: a) Avoid obstruction, diversion or confinement of existing footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes. b) Enhance the route, usability and amenity value of existing footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes. c) Accommodate existing footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes within green open space. d) Create new footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes, particularly where they would provide new links to enhance the local network. e) Improve access by creating links between new development and the local network; and f) Improve access for disabled people. The local planning authority will also give specific support to: g) The creation, enhancement and extension of National Trails. h) The enhancement of green infrastructure corridors, at regional, sub-regional and district level, through the improvement of existing and the creation of new footpaths, bridleways, byways and cycle routes. i) Proposals that contribute to the creation of town or village loops. j) Proposals that include short, well-surfaced, stile-free circuits suitable for wheelchair-users and people with limited mobility.

SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT AND HIGHWAYS

The minimisation of greenhouse gases and congestion, and the provision of safe and accessible travel facilities will be supported by maximising the opportunities for travel by sustainable transport modes; avoiding severe residual cumulative impacts of development relating to transport; and the design of safe and convenient access to transport facilities. This will be achieved through: a) working in partnership with the local highway authority, other authorities, local enterprise partnerships, transport providers, developers and local groups to implement Policies SP5 (Site SK140), ENV3 i to l), ENV11 and 12, INF4e) and SP2 c) of the Local Plan, and i. promote a sustainable and improved transport system which is safe, reliable, and convenient, ii. improve transport connectivity with the rest of North Yorkshire, the wider Leeds City Region, Lancashire, Cumbria and Greater Manchester. b) maintaining a pattern of growth which reflects the spatial strategy and settlement hierarchy set out in Policy SP4 of the Local Plan. c) ensuring that all developments maximise opportunities to travel by non-car modes of transport through the location and design of new developments and developer contributions for off-site transport facilities, including securing access to transport facilities by walking and cycling. d) ensuring all developments that generate significant amounts of movement are supported by appropriate sustainable travel assessments, such as a Transport Statement, or Transport Assessment and a Travel Plan as reasonably required by the local highway authority, North Yorkshire County Council. e) providing safe, suitable and convenient access to all development sites for all modes of transport and all people, including vulnerable users of the highway, and wheelchair-users, people with limited mobility and people with other disabilities. f) ensuring that the residual cumulative impact of traffic generated by developments on the highway network is mitigated and where new development necessitates the provision of new or upgraded infrastructure, including safety measures and pedestrian and cycle connectivity:- this is to be developer funded. g) securing tariff style developer contributions for the highway improvements necessary to mitigate the cumulative impact of the level of growth planned for the town of Skipton up to 2032 which are fairly and reasonably related in scale and kind to the relevant development. The relevant development will be those greenfield residential site allocations in this Local Plan in or adjacent to the built up area of Skipton.

PARKING PROVISION

New developments will help to minimise congestion, encourage sustainable transport modes and reduce conflict between road users by ensuring proper provision and management of parking for cars and other vehicles. This will be achieved in the following ways: a) The provision of safe, secure, and convenient parking of an appropriate quantity including the need for parking or secure storage for cars, cycles and motor cycles, and where relevant, coaches and lorries. b) The provision of appropriate parking space for cars, motorised two-wheel vehicles, disabled parking and operational service requirements having regard to the nature and circumstances of the proposed development. The Council will adopt a flexible approach with each case being determined on its own merits, enabling good design solutions to be achieved. c) In areas where anti-social parking is a recognised problem or potential exists for a problem to arise impacting on the quality of life or vitality of an area, the Council will work with developers to ensure existing problems are not made worse or new problems created. d) In drawing up and determining proposals for new development, relevant consideration will be given to any likely impacts on public off-street parking and parking on the public highway (on-street parking). e) Encouragement will be given to the increased use of low emission vehicles, including where appropriate the provision of electric vehicle charging points. f) The incorporation of sustainable drainage systems (SuDS), permeable surfacing materials and means of protecting water quality in drainage schemes for example through oil interceptors should be ensured.