Planning in Merton

Health (including mental health) and Wellbeing

1. We will continue to improve and promote a more active and healthier lifestyle of our residents, tackle the causes of ill health (physical and mental), and health inequalities in Merton. This will be achieved by: a. Working with strategic partners such as NHS (National Health Service) England, as part of the Integrated Care System and Merton's Health and Wellbeing Boards in improving health and wellbeing, tackling health inequalities, public health safety (for example during pandemics and other health emergencies), promoting and encouraging healthy lifestyles and creating healthy environments in Merton for all. b. Improving access to healthcare, voluntary organisations and community health facilities. c. Addressing and reducing the health inequalities in Merton as identified in Merton's Health and Wellbeing Strategy and the Joint Strategic Needs Assessment. d. Tackling Merton's childhood obesity as identified by Merton's Child Healthy Weight Action Plan especially in areas of deprivation. e. Working with Alzheimer's Society, Merton Dementia Action Alliance and other partners to make Merton a Dementia Friendly borough, helping all those living with dementia in the borough in line with the Mayor's ambition to make London a Dementia Friendly city. f. Ensuring that 20-minute neighbourhoods are planned and designed well in accordance with 20 Minutes approaches which promote and enable healthier and active living, adopt active aging approaches and improve access to green infrastructure. g. Improving air quality, reducing public exposure to poor air quality and minimising inequalities in levels of exposure to air pollution. h. Improving the public realm in accordance with Transport for London (TfL), Healthy Streets Approach and Sport England/Public Health England, Active Design principles and guides. To provide safe and convenient pedestrian and cycle routes that enable healthy and active travel choices, especially in areas identified as Air Quality Focus Areas in Merton's Air Quality Action Plan. i. Ensuring that our neighbourhoods are inclusive and accessible for all (including disabled people) and encouraging social interaction. j. Taking an integrated approach through a number of policies in the Local Plan, for example infrastructure, green and blue infrastructure, air quality, climate change, transport and design policies to improve health (including mental health) and wellbeing.

Social and Community Infrastructure

1. Taken as a whole, Social and Community Infrastructure covers a wide variety of uses. These include community and affordable meeting spaces, libraries, places of worship, education, youth services, childcare and early years, health and social care, services for the elderly or disabled, sport, recreation, informal play spaces, emergency services and other criminal justice or community safety facilities. This list is not intended to be exhaustive and other uses can be included as Social and Community Infrastructure. 2. We place a high priority on the provision and improvement of Social and Community Infrastructure. It is essential to support those currently living, working and visiting Merton and to ensure future changes can be accommodated. These places can be the heart of local communities and they are important to ensure residents have a high quality of life. We will: a. Support and encourage the most effective use of Social and Community Infrastructure, to support the changing priorities and needs in the borough. b. Require any proposals involving the loss of Social and Community Infrastructure to clearly demonstrate: i. that the loss would not create, or add to, a shortfall in provision for the specific use, through providing a Community Needs Statement and ii. that there is no viable demand for any other social and community infrastructure use on the site, through providing marketing and vacancy evidence for a period of at least 12 months, unless it forms part of a wider public service transformation plan. c. Consider other uses through redevelopment, where the council is satisfied that the evidence in 2.b. has been provided and the change of use away from the social and community infrastructure use has been justified. d. Support and encourage the multi-use of social and community infrastructure. e. Support proposals for new, or extensions to existing, social and community infrastructure where: i. it is of a high quality and inclusive design providing access for all ii. it is provided in multi-use, flexible and adaptable buildings or is co-located with other social infrastructure uses, where practicable iii. it is accessible by a range of transport modes including walking, cycling and public transport iv. appropriate access, parking and cycling facilities are provided, relative to the location and scale of the development and v. the use(s), including hours of operation, would not unacceptably harm the amenities of the surrounding area. f. Support the provision of new or improved healthcare facilities in the borough, working in partnership with the South West London Integrated Care System (ICS) and NHS England to meet the needs of Merton's projected population growth, especially in areas of regeneration or areas of deficiency. g. Support the aim of improved access to primary health care facilities, which could extend GP surgery hours and support the re-use of social infrastructure and the re-location of services, wherever possible. h. Support the principle of a new Health and Wellbeing Community Hub in Mitcham. i. Support proposals for new primary and secondary schools, or for the extension or expansion of existing schools including Special Educational Needs (SEN), where they help to deliver the council's agreed strategy for provision of additional state-funded school places in the borough and where they meet the requirements set out in the London Plan education policy S3B. j. Resist proposals involving the loss of a state-funded school either in use, or previously in use, unless the council's agreed strategy for school places has identified the site as surplus and its development for other uses would contribute to improvements in the delivery of school places in the borough.

Delivering healthy places

1. We require development proposals to improve and promote strong, vibrant and healthy communities. 2. We will require development proposals to: a. Contribute towards the health priorities of Merton's Health and Wellbeing Strategy to help reduce inequalities, including health, across Merton. b. Incorporate the Transport for London (TfL) Healthy Streets Approach as part of development proposals in accordance with the design, housing, environment, economy and other policies in this Plan that address the wider determinants of health and improve quality of life. c. Encourage opportunities for food growing such as allotments, community gardens and orchards and other innovative food growing spaces as part of development proposals. d. Incorporate Sport England and Public Health Active Design principles as part of development proposals. 3. We will use the Healthy Streets Approach to prioritise health and wellbeing in planning decisions. 4. We will require a Health Impact Assessment for the following: a. All developments in Merton of 100+ residential units or over 10,000m2 non-residential development. b. Developments of 50 homes or more in areas identified by the government's Indices of Deprivation located in an Index Multiple Deprivation decile 5 or less or identified in Merton's Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA). c. Where deemed necessary, the cumulative impact of a proposed Major Development that is in an area with two or more other Major Developments planned or started. d. Significant developments in areas of poor air quality, for example Air Quality Focus Areas e. Developments where new educational, health facilities or publicly accessible open space are proposed. 5. In line with the London Plan and policy TC13.8 in this plan, not permit proposals for new hot food takeaways found within 400 metres of the boundaries of a primary or secondary school to promote the availability of healthy food. Where any development proposals involving hot food takeaways are permitted, the council will encourage the operator to achieve and operate in compliance with the Healthier Catering Commitment standard.

Social and Community Infrastructure

2. Social and Community Infrastructure a. We will protect existing social and community uses unless there is adequate justification for the loss, or provision for a replacement. b. Proposals that involve changes to, or a loss of Social and Community Infrastructure will need to demonstrate that the social or community infrastructure use is no longer viable on the site. c. For the purpose of this policy, a social or community infrastructure use refers to clinics, health centres, crèches, day nurseries, day centres, schools, art galleries (other than for sale or hire), museums, libraries, halls, places of worship, church halls, law courts, and non-residential education and training centres.

Sport and Recreation

1. We are committed to helping our residents lead healthy and active lifestyles and improve mental well-being, through sport and recreation. We will: a. Encourage opportunities for sport, recreation and play. b. Safeguard existing sport and recreation facilities, based on assessments of need and capacity. c. Support proposals for new, and refurbishment and replacement of existing, sport and recreation facilities on sites that are designated as Open Space in the Policies Map, where the proposal meets Policies O15.2, O15.3 and O15.4. d. Require all residential Major Developments likely to be used by children and young people to provide on-site good quality, free-to-use, safe and accessible play spaces for all ages. The amount of play space provided is to be proportionate to the anticipated increase in child population as a result of the proposed development. e. Recognise the All England Lawn Tennis Club as being an internationally significant sporting venue. f. Ensure that all development proposals that include indoor and outdoor sports and recreation facilities maximise the multiple use of these facilities and encourage the co-location of services for the local community. This should be formalised through Community Use Agreements.

Delivering well-designed and resilient neighbourhoods

1. Developments in the borough are required to meet the highest standards of design, function and construction and help contribute to a net-zero carbon and climate-resilient future. They must respect and positively respond to their context, townscape, landscape and public realm to strengthen Merton's character. Successful neighbourhoods are much more than just buildings. Historic environments, mature vegetation and existing communities all contribute to successful places, and as such must be considered when designing. Delivering sustainable neighbourhoods is as important as delivering the homes themselves. 2. To achieve this, development will be supported if it: a. Is designed according to well established principles of good design as referred to in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and practice guidance, development plan policies and has regard to policy guidance. b. Champions sustainable design and construction principles, in order to minimise greenhouse gas emissions by considering energy efficiency, re-use of materials and buildings, waste and water management, biodiversity and the use of low carbon and renewable energy sources early in the design process, as set out in policies elsewhere in this plan. Development should be fully adaptable and resilient to the impacts of a changing climate, including overheating, flooding, water shortages/drought and subsidence, and will not exacerbate any climate change impacts elsewhere. c. Encourages and enables sustainable and healthy lifestyle choices through effective public realm that facilitates active modes of transport, as set out in the chapters on Health and Wellbeing and Transport. d. Ensures that the site of the development is appropriate for its proposed function and use through the analysis of site constraints such as air quality, noise pollution, land contamination, flooding (from all sources) and daylight and sunlight. e. Seeks to appropriately engage with the local communities and stakeholders and that the design has been informed by this, as set out in the London Plan, Policy GG1. f. Enhances social cohesion and mental and physical wellbeing and supports the needs of all of Merton's communities through creating sustainable buildings, spaces and environments that are well-managed, accessible, inclusive, child friendly and intergenerational in line with the chapter on Health and Wellbeing. g. Conserves and enhances Merton's Heritage Assets and distinctive character. h. Is well-designed, from the large scale to the detailed level, being well thought out internally and considers essential practical details early on in the process so they do not undermine quality or cost more at the construction stage.

Basements and subterranean design

1. The Council will only permit basement and subterranean developments that do not cause harm to the built and natural environment, amenity and does not result in increasing flooding (from all sources including surface water flooding) or ground instability issues. Guidance on delivering this policy can be found in Merton's Basement and Subterranean Development Supplementary Planning Document. 2. All basement or subterranean development applications must be accompanied by a. A Basement Impact Assessment. b. A Drainage Strategy. c. An outline Construction Method Statement. The CMS is required to demonstrate that the development will be designed and constructed to minimise its impact on the environment and neighbouring sites during construction. d. A Construction Traffic Management Plan to ensure that traffic and construction activity does not cause any unacceptable harm to pedestrian, cyclist, and vehicular and road safety. 3. The development must not result in an unacceptable impact on the amenity of adjoining properties, or on the natural and historic environment during and post construction. 4. Where a basement or subterranean development is added to, or adjacent to, a listed building and all other Heritage Assets, it must safeguard all significant archaeological deposits and, in the case of listed buildings, not unbalance the building's original hierarchy of spaces, where this contributes to significance. 5. Proposals must not cause loss, damage or adverse impact to trees, shrubs, biodiversity, nature and amenity value. 6. Any basements proposed as alterations to existing buildings must not comprise more than one storey and not extend beyond the outer walls of the original property (prior to alterations) to more than 50% of the original dwelling's footprint. 7. Any basements proposed as part of new build or redevelopments must not comprise of more than one storey and not exceed 50% of either the front, rear or side garden of the property. 8. All basement proposals should ensure that garden areas relating to the site provide an acceptable standard of amenity. 9. Any basements or subterranean development must be appropriate to the character and appearance of its surroundings, have regard to the health and wellbeing of its occupants and provide access to natural light and ventilation. 10. Ensure that any externally visible elements such as light wells, roof lights and fire escapes are sensitively designed and sited to avoid any harmful visual impact on neighbours or visual amenity. 11. Basements or subterranean development must be designed to minimise the risk of internal flooding and must not increase the risk of flooding elsewhere. Proposals must include a sustainable urban drainage scheme to reduce runoff rates and implement proposals to conserve and re-use water through rainwater harvesting. Where basements discharge to the sewer network, they must install suitable positively pumped devices to protect basements from the risk of sewer flooding. 12. Developers of basement or subterranean developments are required to sign up to Considerate Constructors Scheme. 13. No new basements or subterranean development will be permitted under the public highway.

Urban design

1. Successful places are about people. The spaces between buildings are as important as the buildings themselves. Developments (small and large) must be based on sound and established principles of good urban design. Well-designed places create a strong sense of community and improve the social and emotional wellbeing of those who use it and ensure local resilience to the impacts of climate change such as flooding (from all sources), overheating and subsidence. This policy drives for the creation of inclusive, sustainable, efficient and high quality design and layout of the urban and suburban environment found in Merton. 2. To achieve this, development will be required to: Shaping places a. Be of the highest standard and take into account the most up to date and relevant national guidance and London Plan and council policies and guidance. b. Have an appropriate street level presence and roofscape that creates a positive relationship to neighbouring buildings and spaces, enhances the townscape and landscape of the area and is informed by bespoke analysis of the site context, including the area's character, identity and topography. c. Ensure that the form and layout of new development is street-based with clearly identifiable publicly accessible streets and spaces, defined by buildings that actively front the street, which maximise the number of entrances onto the street and create defensible space and facilitate natural surveillance. d. Ensure that scale, height, mass, bulk and form in its site and context is appropriate and has explored its visual impact from short, mid and longer views where applicable. e. If proposing changes to the highway and/or public realm, be designed according to best practice, minimising clutter and, depending on their scale and impact, may be subject to a design review process. Proposals should include sustainable drainage measures (SUDS), urban greening features and tree planting where possible and appropriate. f. Be economically and socially sustainable, by offering variety and choice, and by being able to adapt to changing climatic, social, technological and economic conditions minimising the need for future remedial intervention. g. Consider the maintenance and enhancement of views, panoramas and prospects and their settings and, where appropriate, create new views. h. If located in Town Centres, high streets and other shopping areas: interact positively with the public realm by creating active and attractive frontages that promote natural surveillance through visibility between the street and the interior of the building. Street frontages should not create dead frontage through lack of windows or provision of advertising, shelves or screening which prevents easy visibility between the ground floor and the street.

Ensuring high quality design for all developments

1. Whether the development is for businesses, community services or homes, all buildings in Merton must be of high quality. They must consider their impact on the environment, how people experience the development and how the development responds to its context. 2. All planning applications must be accompanied by a Design and Access Statement (DAS) to demonstrate how the design has developed and to justify an applicant's design decisions. 3. Proposals for all development will be required to: Responding to context a. Take a design-led approach that responds positively to the site's context and character. b. Ensure that the proposed uses are appropriate for the site and are not located in locations that could have adverse effects on the physical and mental wellbeing of its users. c. Enhance local distinctiveness by responding positively to the siting, rhythm, scale, density, proportions, height, materials and massing of surrounding buildings and existing street patterns, historic context, urban layout and landscape features of the surrounding area. d. Demonstrate they do not unduly prejudice development opportunities on neighbouring sites, including across borough boundaries. e. Ensure that the landscape forms an integral part of any new development where appropriate. f. If located on a backland site, be subservient in scale, massing and bulk to its host where applicable. People focussed g. Demonstrate that impacts of proposals in terms of noise, vibrations, odour and/or pollution are minimised, and that acceptable light, privacy and outlook would be available to existing and future occupants of the proposed development and its surroundings so that a high standard of amenity is provided. h. Ensure the highest practical standards of access and inclusion and be accessible to people with disabilities. In residential developments, provide a mix of tenure and unit types with at least 10% of homes that meet Building Regulation Requirement M4(3) for 'wheelchair user dwellings' and all other dwellings meeting Building Regulations Requirement M4(2) 'accessible and adaptable dwellings' as set out in London Plan Policy D7 'Accessible Housing'. i. Ensure that the design and management of shared spaces, such as lobbies, corridors and communal amenity, have a positive impact on physical and mental wellbeing through good quality design. j. In residential developments, provide a minimum finished floor to ceiling height of 2.5m for at least 75% of the Gross Internal Area. Fit for purpose k. Provide layouts that are safe, secure and take account of crime prevention and are developed in accordance with Secured by Design principles. l. Provide outdoor amenity space that meets, or exceeds, the standards set out in the London Plan and, is efficiently laid out and is compatible with the character of surrounding areas. In exceptional circumstances where it is not possible to meet the minimum private amenity standards, the remainder should be supplied in the form of communal amenity space. m. Meet, or exceed, the minimum space standards set out in the London Plan, or appropriate space standards, and are of functional size and proportions demonstrating efficient layouts. n. Ensure that materials used in their construction are well-detailed, safe and robust. o. Ensure that the traffic and construction activity do not adversely impact or cause significant inconvenience in the day to day lives of those living and working nearby, and do not harm road safety or significantly increase traffic congestion. p. Where developments propose houses and/or ground floor maisonettes/duplex units, a minimum area of 50m2 as a single useable regular shaped private amenity space is required. Flexibility may be applied where applicants can demonstrate the site is constrained. q. Improve biodiversity levels and minimise water run-off. If providing car parking on forecourts and front gardens, applicants must maximise the amount of soft landscaping, use permeable materials and incorporate sustainable drainage measures, using a landscape-led approach to design and not be detrimental to the character of the street or highway safety. r. Provide well-designed cycle parking in accordance with London Plan minimum standards that is well integrated with the overall design approach of the development and does not negatively impact on the primary street elevation. s. Where cycle and refuse storage is located in front gardens and forecourts, storage units must demonstrate that they are of an appropriate scale and bulk and are located to minimise their visual impact on the street-scene and do not negatively impact the quality of amenity spaces. t. Ensure that the design and management of facilities for recycling, storage and disposal of household waste provides for efficient and effective waste collection and is considered as part of the overall design approach and does not adversely affect the primary building function, appearance of the building and character of the street. u. Ensure refuse facilities are convenient, allowing bins to be manoeuvred easily and include sufficient capacity to accommodate increased recycling requirements. Refuse bins should not obstruct footways, so for sites with restricted access, suitable hardstanding should be provided for bins to be relocated to on collection days. The council will support underground waste collection systems for major redevelopment schemes where proposed systems are accepted by the council's appointed waste contractor and do not compromise highway safety. Tackling the climate emergency v. Incorporate sustainable design principles early in the design process to make effective use of resources and materials, and minimise water use and CO2 emissions during the construction and operation of the development as set out in the chapter on Climate Change. w. Ensure resilience to the impacts of climate change by mitigating the risk of flooding, subsidence, overheating and adverse impacts on the urban heat island, through appropriate design, orientation, layout, materials and use of green and blue infrastructure as set out in the chapter on Green and Blue Infrastructure. x. Mitigate overheating through good design, such as orientation, shading, high-albedo materials, fenestration, insulation, appropriate ventilation systems and the provision of green infrastructure. y. In residential developments, maximise the provision of dual aspect homes. Single aspect homes are strongly discouraged and will only be accepted where they demonstrate they have adequate passive ventilation, daylight and privacy and avoid overheating and are necessary to optimise site capacity through a design-led approach, in line with the London Plan. z. Minimise construction waste and promote sustainable management of construction waste on-site by managing each type of waste as high up the waste hierarchy as practically possible as set out in the chapter on waste management in this plan. aa. Provide appropriate energy efficient external lighting that provides safe and secure environments while not causing light pollution that adversely affects neighbouring occupiers or biodiversity. bb. Conserve and enhance the natural environment, particularly in relation to biodiversity, wildlife habitats and gardens as set out in the chapter on Green and Blue Infrastructure. cc. In addition to Tree Preservation Orders, retain and protect mature trees and vegetation where applicable as set out in the chapter on Green and Blue Infrastructure.

Alterations and extensions to existing buildings

To achieve high quality design and protection of amenity within the borough, alterations or extensions to buildings will be expected to: a. Be of high quality design that responds to local character. b. Respect the form, scale, bulk, and proportions of the original building. c. Use robust external materials that will be appropriate to the original building and to its surroundings. d. Be sympathetic to the built from pattern of the area and avoid the creation of long conjoined facades where this would be of detriment to the character and appearance of the area. e. Ensure that noise, vibrations or visual disturbance resulting from the development do not diminish the living conditions of existing and future residents. f. Seek to minimise carbon emissions in accordance with the chapter on Climate Change. g. Ensure that roof forms, including dormer windows, are of an appropriate size, type, form and material for the existing building and surrounding context, such that they are not unduly dominant, and respect the prevailing positive characteristics of the area. h. Demonstrate that the proposal does not significantly impact the quality of neighbouring buildings and amenity through overshadowing and overlooking. i. Seek to improve levels of biodiversity through interventions such as green roofs, sustainable drainage or soft landscape. j. Ensure that there is no increase in risk of flooding to surrounding area, either due to displacement of floodwater or diversion of flood flowpaths.

Tall buildings

1. Tall buildings in the borough are defined as a minimum of 21m from the ground level to the top of the uppermost storey. 2. In the right locations, tall buildings can make important contributions towards delivering new homes, economic growth and sense of place. They can act as visual markers, such as the redeveloped Britannia Point in Colliers Wood, provide architectural variety, such as Glebe Court in Mitcham, and optimise a site's potential for homes and jobs such as the future of High Path in South Wimbledon. It is crucial that tall buildings are of the highest quality of design and construction. 3. Tall buildings are only acceptable in the following locations: a. As indicated in the Strategic Heights Diagrams for Morden Regeneration Zone and Wimbledon Town Centre. b. Wimbledon Town Centre, as set out within the chapter on Wimbledon. c. Morden Regeneration Zone, as set out within the chapter on Morden. d. As set out within Merton's adopted Estates Local Plan 2018 for Eastfields and High Path estates. e. Where they are identified in the following site allocations, CW2, Mi1, Mi16, Mo1, RP3, Wi2, Wi5, Wi6, Wi9, Wi10, Wi11, Wi12, Wi13, Wi15 and Wi16. f. On sites immediately adjacent to the above locations, where they would provide design-led opportunities for appropriate transitional elements between differing building scales. 4. The council will support tall buildings in those locations set out in part 3 of this policy where they meet all of the following criteria: a. They accord to the most up to date and relevant national guidance and London Plan and council policies, guidance and relevant site allocations. b. Their massing, bulk and height are appropriately sized and located, and demonstrate they take into account local character and Heritage Assets and their settings through townscape analysis of short, mid and long views. c. They avoid harm to the setting and significance of neighbouring Heritage Assets. d. They are of exemplary design and architectural quality. e. They respond to the council's Design Review Panel, which provides independent design scrutiny from a panel of industry experts. f. They ensure the ground and lower levels are designed for a human scale, maximise the amount of active frontage and natural surveillance and create a positive contribution to the public realm. g. They are designed to mitigate against any micro climatic effects such as sun, reflection and wind, and internal spaces are designed to mitigate overheating. h. They create minimal negative harm to the quality of neighbouring public spaces and open spaces. i. Where appropriate, they provide a mix of tenure and home sizes in accordance with policies on Housing. j. They incorporate mitigation measures to help prevent suicide and accidental falls for example anti-climb methods, fences, barriers and rails; these will be well-designed and should be integrated into the overall design of the building. k. Appropriate provision for waste and bicycle storage is provided and is integrated into the overall design of the building. l. Their shared spaces, such as lobbies, communal gardens and corridors are designed to enhance social cohesion and mental and physical wellbeing. 5. Development proposals for tall buildings should be supported by: a. Adequate information demonstrating how the proposals comply with all the criteria within part 4 of this policy, and within the London Plan policy on tall buildings to ensure that the proposals have considered visual, townscape and heritage impacts. b. A detailed townscape analysis that includes short, mid and long views and analysis of its impact on their setting. In particular their impact on Heritage Assets such as parks or buildings and open spaces. c. A digital 3D model in agreement with the council that can be used to evaluate its visual impact across the borough and beyond.

Advertisements

1. Policies on advertisements, shop front design and signage aim to ensure these regular features of our urban environment enhance and do not detract from people's experience of the public realm in Merton. 2. Express consent will only be granted for advertisements where they do not harm amenity or public safety. When assessing proposals for new advertisements, cumulative impacts will be taken into account. 3. The council will ensure that: a. The quality, character and amenity of the borough is not diluted or undermined by inappropriate or excessive advertising on buildings, in the street or on shop fronts. b. Advertisements and signage are designed so that their size, scale, type and illumination are unobtrusive, taking into account site context and local character. c. They do not compromise safety and security or obscure highway sightlines and allow free movement along the public highway by all users, including people with disabilities, especially the visually impaired. d. Advertisements do not adversely impact on trees that have a significant amenity value on or in close proximity to the proposed site, especially those protected by Tree Protection Orders (TPOs) or within conservation areas. e. Amenity is not harmed by the restriction of visual permeability and natural surveillance between the street and inside non-residential buildings is not compromised by internally applied artwork, blinds or advertising, where the local planning authority's permission or consent for such items is required.

Shop front design and signage

1. Policies on advertisements, shop front design and signage aim to ensure these regular features of our urban environment enhance and do not detract from people's experience of the public realm in Merton. 2. Proposals for new shop fronts or alteration to existing shop fronts should relate to the scale and character of the building and enhance the street scene. Proposals for alteration or removal of existing shop fronts shall: a. Retain and restore quality original shop fronts where they exist, to contribute to and enhance the established character of their shopping centre or parade; b. Retain and restore original features and details where they are of historic value, contribute to the character or appearance of the building or street scene; c. Retain separate access to upper floors and create or restore such access where this is practical; d. Provide for satisfactory access for people with disabilities, special sensory and mobility needs within the building, retaining the full width of the effective footway, irrespective of ownership, keeping it free of ramps, railings or any other obstructions. 3. Proposals for shop fascias will be expected to enhance the street scene and form an integral and appropriately proportioned part of the whole shop front and building. They should: a. Relate to the appearance, scale and character of the shop front and its associated features; b. Relate to the shopping parade within which it is located; c. Ensure the depth of fascias are consistent with neighbouring shops where they were designed as a whole and relate appropriately to the pilasters and console brackets; d. Ensure pilasters and console brackets are designed as a unifying element to a group of shops and form a consistent design and paint colour. 4. Signage design and lighting should be of a high quality, relating well to the original building and the business of the shop front. In order to achieve this: a. Illumination should be subtle and avoid plain, internally or box-lit fascias or lettering; b. Signs should be applied to an original fascia board and not be overlaid onto earlier signs; c. Projecting signs should be of a scale and size that is proportionate to the size and depth of the main fascia; d. Projecting signs should be attached to one end of the main fascia and not between shops on the pilaster, console bracket or above it on the upper floor elevation. 5. Proposals for shop fronts should strike the right balance between security and a positive interface and relationship with the street. They must ensure there is visual permeability and natural surveillance between the street and inside the building, whatever their use. To this end: a. Proposals for security shutters will only be allowed if a legitimate security need for them is identified; b. Where security shutters are considered necessary, they must be installed on the inside of the shop front and allow clear views into the shop. Unless it can be demonstrated that they are required for specific security reasons, solid, near solid shutters and shutters on the outside of a shop front are not acceptable; c. Artwork, glass frosting, blinds or any internally applied advertising or screening will only be permitted where they do not detract from visual permeability and natural surveillance between the street and inside the building. 6. Shop fronts must be of a high quality design. 7. Proposals for new buildings where there is a proposed retail or non-residential ground floor, must demonstrate that future shop fronts and advertising has been planned for, and can be accommodated in the building design in a manner that does not undermine the building design and architectural integrity.

Scattered Employment Sites

1. The council will protect employment and community uses on scattered employment sites, unless: a. The proposed residential use would not result in a significant adverse effect on local residential amenity; b. The size, configuration, access arrangements and other characteristics of the site make it unsuitable and financially unviable for whole-site employment use; and c. It has been demonstrated to the council's satisfaction that there is no realistic prospect of employment or community use on this site in the future. This may be demonstrated by full and proper marketing of the site at reasonable prices for a period of 18 months (1½ years). 2. If proposals do not meet policy requirements of E13.3 1c. above, the council will seek measures to mitigate against the loss of employment land. Such measures may include providing employment, as part of a mixed use scheme on site.

Local Employment Opportunities

1. Merton want to ensure that residents and local businesses are supported within the borough through local employment, business retention and inward investment opportunities which will lead to greater local economic growth and the transition to the low carbon economy. This can be achieved in part, by enabling skills, jobs creation, the circular economy and local procurement during new development. 2. With this in mind the council will: a. Work with developers to increase skills and employment opportunities in Merton by requiring all Major Development to provide opportunities for local residents and businesses to apply for employment and other opportunities during the construction of developments and in the resultant end use. Opportunities for employment and skills training will be considered by means of planning obligations for Major Developments: i. residential developments of 10 homes or more ii. non-residential developments exceeding 1,000m2. b. Seek to secure a minimum of 10% of the total jobs created by the construction of new development and 20% end use job opportunities and apprenticeships to be advertised exclusively to local residents through the council's economic development officer or appropriate nominated agencies for a minimum period so that local people can be given the opportunity to fill these vacancies. A local employment strategy may be required for very large development schemes. c. Work with local training providers to aim to ensure that local residents are given access to the right skills training so that they can take advantage of opportunities created by new development and help address skills deficits in the local population. d. Require the local employment strategy for Major Developments to cover procedures to ensure small and medium sized local enterprises have access to supply chain tender opportunities for the procurement of goods and services generated by the development both during and after construction.

Business locations in Merton

1. Proposals relating to employment sites will be supported where they: a. Retain existing employment land and floorspace. The council will support proposals for the redevelopment of vacant and underused existing employment land and floorspace for employment uses. b. Are well designed. All proposals for developments should: i) Be flexible and adaptable to the changing needs of different types of potential users over the lifetime of the development; ii) Support the transition to a low carbon economy wherever possible; iii) Have layout, access, parking, landscaping and facilities that are secure and appropriate to the site and its surroundings; iv) Ensure the design of non-residential space protects neighbouring amenity; v) Not unacceptably affect the operation of neighbouring businesses; and, vi) Not adversely affect pedestrian, cycle or traffic movement, road safety or amenity. c. Have good access to public transport. Proposals for offices and business space should be easily accessible by walking and cycling and wherever possible have facilities such as showers and secure cycle parking to support this. Measures to support the Heathy Streets Approach and reduce reliance on car travel such as parking restrictions, travel plans and other appropriate measures will also be required. d. Provide larger offices and businesses that generate a lot of trips in Major and District Town Centres or in areas with good access to public transport (PTAL 4 and above) and within close proximity to additional services for employees and workers. e. Provide small (generally floorspace below 280 sqm) offices and businesses throughout the borough. f. Encourage the refurbishment / redevelopment of existing offices for office use including shared space and flexible working. g. Proposals relating to employment sites will be supported where they demonstrate full and proper marketing. Where planning permission is required, proposals will only be supported for the change of use on upper floors in Wimbledon Town Centre from office floorspace to residential if it can be demonstrated to the council's satisfaction that there is no demand for the office use. Marketing of the site will need to be demonstrated at reasonable prices for a period of 18 months (1 ½ years). h. Provide general industry and storage and distribution in Merton's Strategic Industrial Locations and Locally Significant Industrial Sites. i. Protect and manage the designated Strategic Industrial Locations and Locally Significant Industrial Sites. The council will ensure that these sites are prioritised for industrial and distribution uses that could operate 24-hours and are not compatible with homes, schools and other sensitive uses. j. Provide shared workspace, flexible or co-working space which is well-designed and well-managed to optimise its success. Where flexible working/co-working space is proposed in conjunction with a reduction in employment floorspace on the site, the council will seek planning obligations to secure that the flexible working/co-working space will be designed and actively managed for flexible working/co-working for a period of at least two years from the date of opening.

Protection of scattered employment sites

1. Proposals that result in the loss of scattered employment sites to residential uses will be resisted except where: a. The site is located in a predominantly residential area and it can be demonstrated that its operation has had a significant adverse effect on local residential amenity; b. The size, configuration, access arrangements and other characteristics of the site make it unsuitable and financially unviable for whole-site employment use; and c. It has been demonstrated to the council's satisfaction that there is no realistic prospect of employment or community use on this site in the future. This may be demonstrated by full and proper marketing of the site at reasonable prices for a period of 18 months (1½ years). 2. If proposals do not meet policy requirements of E13.3 1c. above, the council will seek measures to mitigate against the loss of employment land. Such measures may include providing employment, as part of a mixed use scheme on site.

Promoting economic growth and successful high streets

1. We will support economic recovery, business investment and jobs growth through support for a diverse local economic base in Merton by encouraging developments that provide a greater number and range of jobs and services and add to the vibrancy of the borough. 2. We will focus on encouraging business investment and jobs growth to support a diverse and resilient economy based on a wide range of sectors. We will do this by: a. Supporting development that raises and sustains the number and range of jobs, increases the diversity of businesses and reduces carbon emissions where it meets other policies in this plan; b. Considering the full economic potential of all of Merton's sectors when determining planning applications, including social and community infrastructure, industrial and waste services, business, leisure, sports, town centre services and shops, creative, cultural, tech and green sector jobs; c. Promoting resource efficiency and the principles of the circular and sharing economy; supporting developments and encouraging businesses to take advantage of the new economic opportunities associated with reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to a low carbon economy. Safeguarding employment and community floorspace and sites for business and jobs, including for shared workspace; d. Defining Merton's hierarchy of Town Centres, high streets and neighbourhood parades in Policy TC.13.3 and supporting these by encouraging a broad range of occupiers suitable for each area that support jobs and local vibrancy; e. Strengthening the pathways through education and learning into jobs and careers for residents, supporting employment and training schemes to maximise local employment opportunities and help address skills deficits, including in green skills; f. Encouraging employer participation and investment in skills; g. Aligning the skills offer to our growth and strategic sectors through the Skills for South Londoners Strategy and the South London Skills and Employment Board; and h. Requiring developers and applicants on Major Development sites to support the recruitment of local residents and businesses as part of the construction and end life of their development. 3. We will seek to ensure a supply of viable and appropriate sites and premises for businesses, jobs and other enterprises in locations which optimise the needs of business while minimising disruption to amenity. We will do this by: a. Strengthening the NPPF's "town centre first approach" by encouraging a range of appropriate town centre uses, not limited to retail, that generate a larger number of journeys towards Wimbledon (Major Town Centre), Colliers Wood, Mitcham and Morden (District Town Centres); b. Supporting Local Town Centres and neighbourhood parades for businesses commensurate with the character of the area and providing services to local residents; c. Encouraging complementary businesses, services and activities in our Town Centres that will enhance their vitality and vibrancy, including uses that will add to the attraction of the Town Centres for all users and meet the changing needs and desires of all high street users; d. Protecting and managing the designated Strategic Industrial Locations and Locally Significant Industrial Sites, ensuring that they are prioritised for industrial and distribution uses that could operate 24-hours and are not compatible with homes, schools and other sensitive uses; e. Facilitating new employment by protecting and improving scattered employment sites for small and growing businesses or community uses; f. Supporting the provision of well managed co-working space close to good public transport links; g. Seeking to ensure that there is a strong supply of appropriate space for small businesses, including move on space; h. Supporting opportunities to use vacant buildings and land for flexible and temporary meanwhile uses or pop ups; and i. Supporting the redevelopment of purpose-built retail units into other uses.

Promoting Sustainable Design to Mitigate and Adapt to Climate Change

1. To make Merton a more environmentally sustainable place and net-zero carbon by 2050, Merton Council aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase local resilience to the impacts of a changing climate through sustainable design. 2. This will be achieved by requiring all development to: a. Minimise greenhouse gas emissions and support the transition to a low carbon society by maximising energy efficiency, low carbon heat and local renewable energy generation; b. Support the principles of the circular economy and promote more effective resource use, to ensure that resources are kept in use for as long as possible and to minimise waste; c. Recognise and adapt to Merton's changing climate and ensure that development mitigates the risk of overheating and flooding, and maximises comfort and wellbeing in a changing climate; d. Maximise opportunities to enhance green infrastructure and tree planting to deliver multi-functional benefits such as minimising the urban heat effect, enhancing natural carbon sinks and improving air quality; and e. Promote healthy and sustainable lifestyles in line with Merton's net-zero carbon target.

Decentralised energy schemes and air quality

All decentralised energy schemes will be expected to demonstrate that they can be used without having an unacceptable impact on air quality. Where this is not possible, CHP systems will not be prioritised over other air quality neutral technologies.

Minimising Greenhouse Gas Emissions

1. All development within the borough should seek to minimise greenhouse gas emissions on site. 2. We will require: All development resulting in the creation of 1 or more dwellings or 500sqm or more non-residential GIA: a. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions on-site and minimise both annual and peak energy demand in accordance with the Mayor of London's Energy Hierarchy below: i. Be lean: use less energy and manage demand during operation ii. Be clean: exploit local energy resources (such as secondary heat) and supply energy efficiently and cleanly iii. Be green: maximise opportunities for renewable energy by producing, storing and using renewable energy on-site iv. Be seen: monitor, verify and report on energy performance b. To provide an energy statement demonstrating how emissions savings have been maximised at each stage of the energy hierarchy towards achieving net-zero carbon emissions on site. c. To achieve the relevant minimum carbon reduction targets as set out in the table below: Development Type | Minimum on-site total reduction in CO2 | Benchmark total reduction in CO2 Residential Major Development of 10 or more dwellings (including new build, change of use, conversions and major refurbishments) | 35% | 50%+ Minor new build residential development of 1 or more dwellings | 35% | 50%+ Minor residential change of use and conversions resulting in the creation of 1 or more dwellings | 35% | Office buildings of 500sqm GIA or more (including new build, change of use and major refurbishments) | 25% | School buildings of 500sqm GIA or more (including new build, change of use and major refurbishments) | 35% | Industrial buildings of 500sqm GIA or more (including new build, change of use and major refurbishments) | 35% | Hotel of 500sqm GIA or more (including new build, change of use and major refurbishments) | 10% | All other non-residential development of 500sqm GIA or more (including new build, change of use and major refurbishments) | 35% | All new build development resulting in the creation of 1 or more dwellings or 500sqm or more non-residential GIA: d. To demonstrate compliance with the Mayor's net-zero carbon target. e. Where it is clearly demonstrated that the net-zero carbon target cannot be fully achieved on site beyond the minimum requirements, any carbon shortfall to be provided, either: i. through a cash-in-lieu contribution to Merton's carbon offset fund, or ii. off-site provided that an alternative proposal which offers Additionality is identified, delivery is certain and subject to agreement with the council.

Minimising Energy Use

1. Merton Council will require all proposed development within the borough to demonstrate that they have made the fullest contribution to minimising energy use through energy efficiency on site. 2. This will be achieved by requiring: All development resulting in the creation of 1 or more dwellings or 500sqm or more non-residential GIA a. To demonstrate how energy demand, including regulated and unregulated uses, has been minimised on site through passive measures and by maximising the efficiency of building form, fabric and systems. b. To disclose the anticipated Energy Use Intensity at design and pre-occupation stage. All new build development resulting in the creation of 1 or more residential unit or 500sqm or more non-residential GIA c. To demonstrate compliance with the following relevant fabric efficiency targets: Type of Development | Zero Carbon Hub Interim FEES until 31 December 2022 | Zero Carbon Hub Full FEES from 01 January 2023 to 31 December 2024 | Space Heating Demand Target from 01 January 2025 Blocks of flats and mid-terrace houses | <43 kWh/m2/yr | <39 kWh/m2/yr | <15 kWh/m2/yr Semi-detached, end of terrace and detached houses | <52 kWh/m2/yr | <46 kWh/m2/yr | <20 kWh/m2/yr Non-residential development | - | - | <15 kWh/m2/yr All Major Development d. To monitor and report on energy use for 5 years post-occupancy.

Low Carbon Energy

1. All proposed developments within the borough must demonstrate that they have made the fullest contribution to supplying energy efficiently and cleanly, and maximising renewable and low carbon energy generation, storage and use, through the deployment of appropriately selected, sized and sited technologies. 2. This will be achieved by requiring: a. All new development to use low carbon heat. b. All development proposals to demonstrate in the energy statement: i. How the proposal has made the best potential use of roof space to maximise local renewable and low carbon electricity and/or heat generation – 100% of energy demand should be met by renewable energy generation on site wherever possible; ii. How appropriate roof spaces have been utilised to maximise the delivery of multi-functional benefits (e.g. co-location of renewable energy and green, brown or blue infrastructure); iii. How demand-side response has been incorporated, specifically through the installation of smart meters, minimising peak energy demand and promoting short term energy storage; iv. How the proposal has ensured efficient generation of low carbon energy on site; any developments proposing to use heat pumps to demonstrate that these are good quality and achieve a minimum standard of efficiency; and v. How all Major Development proposals located within identified heat network opportunity areas have utilised decentralised energy, or are enabled for connection to current or future district heat networks, unless it is demonstrated that it is not technically feasible to do so.

Minimising Waste and Promoting a Circular Economy

1. All development proposals should adopt a circular economy approach to building design and construction, and be designed for durability, flexibility and easy disassembly, to reduce waste, to keep materials and products in use for as long as possible, and to minimise embodied carbon. 2. This will be achieved by requiring: All development: a. Where existing buildings are on site, to prioritise their reuse and retrofit wherever possible before considering the design of new buildings. b. To ensure resource efficiency and reduce embodied carbon emissions by sourcing and prioritising materials, and designing building shapes and forms, that can easily be maintained, repaired and renewed across the development lifetime. c. To minimise the environmental impact of materials by specifying sustainably-sourced, low impact and re-used or recycled materials; this should include identifying opportunities for the retention and reuse of existing materials on site (e.g. re-using demolition material on site). Materials should be locally-sourced wherever possible to minimise transport emissions. All development resulting in the creation of 30 or more dwellings or 1000sqm or more non-residential GIA, and all development proposing to demolish and rebuild a single dwelling: d. To undertake a Whole Life-Cycle Carbon assessment proportionate to the scale of development and demonstrate actions taken to reduce life-cycle carbon emissions.

Sustainable Design Standards

1. Merton Council will seek high standards of sustainable design and construction from new development, change of use, conversions and refurbishments to ensure that all development makes effective use of resources and materials, minimises water use, and assists in meeting local and national carbon reduction targets. 2. This will be achieved by: a. Requiring all development to demonstrate that the use of mains water has been minimised by incorporating measures such as smart metering, water saving and recycling measures, including retrofitting where appropriate. b. Requiring all Major Developments and high water use developments to include water saving measures such as rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling to reduce mains water consumption. Residential development: c. Requiring all residential development to meet a minimum internal water efficiency standard of 105 litres per person per day, as set out in Building Regulations Part G or equivalent. d. Requiring all conversions and changes to the use of existing buildings resulting in the creation of 10 or more new dwellings to achieve a minimum BREEAM Domestic Refurbishment rating of 'Excellent' or equivalent. Non-residential development: e. Requiring all new build non-residential development of 1,000sqm GIA and above to achieve a minimum of BREEAM Non-domestic New Construction 'Excellent' standard or equivalent. f. Requiring all conversions and changes of use to non-residential uses of 1,000sqm GIA and above to achieve a minimum of BREEAM Non-domestic Refurbishment and Fit-out 'Excellent' standard or equivalent.

Financial contributions for air quality

We will seek financial contributions using Planning Obligations towards air quality measures where a proposed development is not air quality neutral, or mitigation measures do not reduce the impact upon poor air quality. In determining the contribution, the council will have regard to the London Plan Air Quality Neutral guidance (section 5).

Noise and vibration assessment

Development proposals will be expected to: a. Provide a noise assessment of any new plant and equipment and its impact upon both receptors and the general background noise levels. b. Provide mitigation measures where noise needs to be controlled and managed c. Agree to time limits and restrictions for activities where noise cannot be sufficiently mitigated. d. Use good acoustic design within their development. e. Where applicable, provide suitable mitigation measures by means of a planning obligation or condition. f. Minimise noise from servicing and deliveries. g. Protect the relative tranquillity in and around open spaces.

Significant noise and vibration effects

New development, which would have a significant effect on existing or future occupiers or the amenity due to noise or vibration, will not be allowed unless the potential noise problems can be overcome by suitable mitigation measures.

Agent of Change principle for noise-sensitive development

Where a noise-sensitive development is seeking planning permission to locate in an already noisy area (e.g. a town centre or near a busy road), the new noise-sensitive development will be responsible for mitigating impacts from existing noise-generating activities in line with the Agent of Change principle set in the National Planning Policy Framework and the London Plan Policy D13.

Good acoustic design

We will support good acoustic design and use of innovative technologies to minimise noise levels.

Noise assessments and outline applications

Where necessary, applicants will be expected to carry out noise assessments and provide details of the noise levels on the site. Where noise mitigation measures will be required to enable development to take place, an outline application will not normally be acceptable.

Light pollution control

The potential adverse impacts from lighting arrangements will be controlled by requiring all developments that include proposals for external lighting, including illuminated signs and advertisements, security and floodlights and other illuminations, to submit details in line with the recommendation of the Institution of Lighting Professionals. Lighting details must show that it: a. Is appropriate for the intended use, b. Provides the minimum amount of light necessary to achieve its purpose and designed to minimise the detrimental impact of glare and light spill on the local amenity, nature, biodiversity and highways, c. Is energy efficient and d. Provides adequate protection from glare and light spill, particularly to nearby sensitive receptors such as residential properties and Sites of Recognised Nature Conservation Interest, including the River Wandle.

Lighting for leisure, sport and play facilities

Development proposals for leisure, sport and/or play facilities must have regard to Sport England's Artificial Lighting Guidance and London Plan Policy S5 Sports and recreation facilities.

Odours and fume control

Merton Council will ensure that any potential impacts relating to odour and fumes from commercial activities are mitigated by requiring the following: a. An impact assessment where necessary b. The type and nature of filtration to be used c. The height and position of any chimney or outlet d. Promotion and use of new abatement technologies

Site assessment for contaminated or unstable ground

Where development is proposed on or near a site known to be, or there is good reason to believe may be, contaminated or have unstable ground, or where a sensitive use is proposed, the applicant must carry out a site assessment and submit a report of the findings to establish the nature and extent of the contamination and/or land instability. Development will not be permitted unless practicable and effective measures are taken to treat, contain or control any contamination or land stability issues.

Remediation measures for contaminated or unstable ground

Developments must incorporate proper remediation measures for development on or near a site, which is potentially contaminated or has land instability issues.

Control of contamination and land instability

Development will not be allowed unless practical and effective measures are taken to treat, contain or control any contamination or land instability issues so as not to: a. Expose the occupiers of the development and neighbouring land uses including, in the case of housing, the users of open spaces and gardens, to unacceptable risk. b. Threaten the structural integrity of the building being built, the site or adjoining the site. c. Lead to the contamination of any watercourse, water body or aquifer. d. Cause the contamination of adjoining land or allow such contamination to continue. e. Cause or increase land instability issues on adjoining land or buildings.

Health and Safety Executive recommendations

We will not approve any application that the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has recommended that permission should not be granted.

Construction Management Statements

Merton Council will seek to manage and limit environmental disturbances during construction and demolition as well as during excavations and construction of basements and subterranean developments. To deliver this, we require the submission of Construction Management Statements (CMS) for the following types of developments: a. All Major Developments. b. Any basement and subterranean developments. c. Development of sites in confined locations or near sensitive receptors; or d. If substantial demolition/excavation works are proposed.

Monitoring charge for Construction Management Statements

Where applicable and considered necessary, we may seek a bespoke charge, specific to the proposal, to cover the cost of monitoring the CMS.

Major Development construction environmental standards

For Major Development, applicants must show how they had regard to Merton's Air Quality Action Plan, Merton's Air Quality Supplementary Planning Document, the Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) Practical Guide, Dust Controls and Logistics Planning, from the earliest stage in the design of their development and its construction method.

Silt control on construction and demolition sites

Construction and demolition sites must ensure silt does not enter the local drainage systems or watercourses and is carefully controlled and managed on site to prevent pollution and environmental damage.

Construction and demolition waste management

It is essential that construction and demolition operations have regard to the Right Waste Right Place guidance and Waste Management Duty of care of practice to ensure construction and demolition waste is managed correctly, to prevent pollution and misdescription of waste.

Reporting pollution incidents

Pollution incidents must be reported to the Environment Agency 24-hour incident hotline

Security measures on vacant development sites

Vacant development sites must introduce increased security measures such as high security fencing/concrete bollards and 24-hour security to prevent trespassing and illegal waste operators moving onto vacant development sites, to deposit large amount of fly tipping and then abandon the sites.

Licensing of polluting operations

Operations that are likely to give rise to noise, dust, vibration, odour or other pollutants are also controlled by the licensing regulations implemented by Merton's Environmental Health Team, Pollution Teams and the Environment Agency. We advise that applicants discuss proposals with potential adverse impacts on air, land, light pollution, noise and water at the initial stages of the planning application process with Merton's Environmental Health Team.

Pollution and amenity impacts

Where there are already significant adverse effects on the environment or amenity due to pollution, sensitive uses should be steered away from such areas. However, given the limited availability of land for development in the borough, this will not always be possible. Therefore, new developments, including changes of use, should mitigate and reduce any adverse impacts resulting from air and light pollution, noise, vibration and dust to acceptable levels.

Air Quality Positive Approach

Major developments in Merton and development briefs for large-scale development subject to an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) must achieve Air Quality Positive Approach status.

Air Quality Neutral

All developments must be at least Air Quality Neutral and resist development proposals, which would materially increase exceedances of local air pollutants and have an unacceptable impact on amenity or health, unless the development mitigates this impact through physical measures and/or financial contributions to implement proposals in Merton's Local Air Quality Management Plan.

Air Quality Impact Assessment for residential development

Residential development proposals and change of use to residential at street level, will need to submit an Air Quality Impact Assessment in areas of poor air quality.

Air Quality Impact Assessment requirements

Development proposals must consider the impact of air quality. An Air Quality Impact Assessment will be required for proposals in areas already subject to poor air, Major Developments, developments involving biomass boilers, biomass or gas CHP (including connections to existing networks where the increased capacity is not already covered in an existing AQA), substantial earthworks or demolition and any development that could have a significant impact on air quality, either directly or indirectly. The following will be needed: a. An Air Quality Impact Assessment, including where necessary, modelled data. b. Mitigation measures to reduce the development's impact upon air quality including the type of equipment installed, thermal insulation and ducting abatement technology. c. Measures installed in the new development to protect the occupiers of new developments from existing sources of pollution. d. Mitigation for developments to be used by sensitive receptors such as schools, hospitals, care homes, areas of deprivation and in areas of existing poor air quality; this also applies to proposals close to developments used by sensitive receptors. e. The use of green infrastructure, including trees and hedgerows to reduce the exposure to air pollution to absorb dust and other pollutants.

Air pollution from transport

Development proposals will be expected to demonstrate how they will minimise air pollution associated with the transport requirements including delivery, servicing and construction vehicles.

Managing Local Flooding

1. Developments must incorporate the latest climate change allowances as part of the Flood Risk Assessment (FRA) and/or Surface Water Drainage Strategy. 2. Where development is proposed in the Environment Agency's Groundwater Source Protection Zones 1 or 2, measures must be taken to ensure the protection of groundwater supplies. 3. Developments must demonstrate that the local water supply and public sewerage networks have adequate capacity both on and off-site to serve the development. Where there is limited or no capacity identified through predicted flood risk or capacity modelling, on-site improvements must be programmed/planned. 4. We will expect to see a sequential approach applied to the site layout, locating the most vulnerable elements of a proposed development within areas at lowest risk of flooding. All buildings should be set back from the top of the banks by at least 8m for main rivers and 5m for ordinary watercourses. This is to allow for future improvements and maintenance of land drainage and flood defences, improve the ecological functioning of river corridors and enhance amenity. 5. In Flood Zones 2 and 3 or on sites shown to be at high risk of surface water flooding and proposals for sites of: a. 10 dwellings or more or, b. 1000sqm of non-residential development or more or c. on any other proposal where safe access/egress cannot be achieved, in accordance with the SFRA, a Flood Emergency Plan must be submitted. 6. We will permit appropriate development in Flood Zones 1, 2, 3a and 3b subject to meeting the criteria in the following table: Flood zones: Land uses and developments restrictions - Sequential Test - Exception Test - FRA and Drainage Strategy Flood Zone 3b: Functional floodplain: The functional floodplain will be protected by not permitting any form of development on undeveloped sites unless it is: Water Compatible development or Essential utility infrastructure. In these cases, essential infrastructure that has passed the Exception Test and water compatible uses should be designed and constructed to remain operational and safe for users in times of flood; result in no net loss of floodplain storage; not impede water flows and not increase flood risk elsewhere. Redevelopment of existing developed sites will only be supported if there is no intensification of the land use, no increase in building footprint, number of units or bedrooms and a net flood risk reduction is proposed. Restoration of the functional floodplain will be supported. Proposals for the change of use or conversion to a use with a higher vulnerability classification will not be allowed. - Required for essential infrastructure - Required for essential infrastructure - An FRA be needed for all developments. A Drainage Strategy be needed for all new dwellings and Major Developments. Flood Zone 3a: High Risk: Essential Infrastructure and More Vulnerable development may be permitted where the Exception Test is satisfied. Water Compatible and Less Vulnerable land uses are permitted. Highly Vulnerable developments will not be allowed. Self-contained residential basements and bedrooms at basement level will not be allowed. - Required for all developments unless exceptions outlined in the justification applies - Required for Essential Infrastructure and More Vulnerable development - A Drainage Strategy will be needed for all new dwellings and Major Developments. An FRA is required for all development proposals. Flood Zone 2: No land use restrictions: Self-contained residential units at basement level and bedrooms at basement level will not be allowed by the council without right mitigation measures in line with Environment Agency Guidance and Merton Local Plan policy. - Required for all developments unless exceptions outlined in the justification applies - Required for Highly Vulnerable development - A Drainage Strategy will be needed for all new dwellings and Major Developments. An FRA be needed for all development proposals. Flood Zone 1: No land use restrictions. - N/A - N/A - A Drainage Strategy will be needed for all new dwellings and Major Developments. In line with Merton's Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA) and the Planning Practice Guidance, an FRA is needed for development sites which are: more than 1 hectare (ha), less than 1 ha, including a change of use in development type to a more vulnerable class (for example from commercial to residential), where it could be affected by sources of flooding other than rivers (for example surface water, groundwater and sewer flooding) as identified in the Merton Council SFRA, or in an area which has critical drainage problems. 7. Where a Flood Risk Assessment (FRA) is required, it must: a. Conform with national policy and guidance, as well as the BSI (British Standards Institution) Code of Practice on Assessing and managing flood risk in development (BS 8533:2017). Merton Council and/or Environment Agency may need additional research or information, depending on the type of development and location, to be included in the FRA. b. Be submitted with the planning application. c. Provide evidence of the application of the Sequential Test and where required, the Exception Test. d. Take account of the advice and recommendations within the Merton's Strategic Flood Risk Assessment, Local Flood Risk Management Strategy and Surface Water Management Plan. 8. Planning conditions or planning obligations may be used, where appropriate, to secure flood risk mitigation and sustainable drainage measures, to mitigate flooding from different flood sources within development proposals. 9. Basements within flood-affected areas of the borough represent a particularly high risk to life, as they may be subject to very rapid inundation. Applicants will have to demonstrate that their proposal meets the following requirements: Flood Zone 3b Functional Floodplain: Basements, basement extensions, conversions of basements to a higher vulnerability classification or self-contained units will not be allowed. Flood Zone 3: New basements: Less Vulnerable / Water Compatible uses are permitted. More Vulnerable uses will only be considered if; an FRA shows that the risk to life can be managed. Bedrooms at basement levels will not be allowed. Highly Vulnerable uses such as self-contained basements/bedrooms use will not be allowed. Existing basements: No basement extensions, conversions, or additions for Highly Vulnerable uses. More Vulnerable uses: will only be considered if an FRA demonstrates that the risk to life can be managed. Flood Zone 2: New Basements: if the Exception Test (where applicable) is passed, basements may be allowed for residential use where they are not self-contained or used for bedrooms. Existing Basements: basement extensions, conversions or additions may be allowed for existing developments where they are not self-contained or used for bedrooms. If a basement, basement extension or conversion is acceptable in principle in terms of its location, it must have internal access to a higher floor and flood resistant and resilient design techniques must be adopted. Flood Zone 1: No restrictions on new basements or extensions to existing basements, providing they are accompanied with the necessary assessments.

Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS)

1. All Major Development must include water efficiency measures to minimise water consumption such as rainwater harvesting or grey water recycling. In addition, all Major Development must include Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS) to reduce surface water runoff to greenfield rates and provide multifunctional benefits unless there is clear evidence that this would be inappropriate. 2. Details should be supplied which address the maintenance requirements of the drainage systems for the lifetime of the development which they serve. 3. We will require all developments to reduce the risk of flooding by: a. Seeking mitigating measures against the impact of flooding from all sources and ensure all new development, including all basement and subterranean development, implements appropriate SUDS. b. Ensuring developers demonstrate that the maintenance and management of the site's drainage scheme will take place for the lifetime of the development. This must be addressed through a SUDS Maintenance and Management Plan submitted as part of the planning process. c. Requiring developers to incorporate soft landscaping, appropriate planting (including trees) and permeable surfaces into all new developments including non-residential developments, in line with Policy O15.5 Urban Greening. d. Requiring the retention of soft landscaping and green spaces in existing gardens where possible. e. Ensuring any development or re-development that effects a Heritage Asset or its setting (including conservation areas) must consider Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS) and demonstrate within a Heritage Statement the approach taken to ensure that there is no adverse impact on the character and appearance of the asset and that there is no long-term deterioration to the building's fabric. f. Reducing surface water discharge to greenfield runoff rates. g. Using conditions or planning obligations to secure flood risk mitigation and sustainable drainage measures.

Open Space and Green Infrastructure

1. We place a high value on green infrastructure and open spaces, as they make a significant contribution to the health (including mental health) and wellbeing of Merton residents, contribute to social cohesion and mitigate some of the impacts of climate change. We aim to protect and enhance our open spaces and to improve accessibility to open space. We will: a. Protect and enhance the borough's public and private open space network including protecting Metropolitan Open Land (MOL) and designated Open Spaces from inappropriate development in accordance with the London Plan and government guidance. b. Ensure that, in accordance with the NPPF, existing open space, sports and recreational buildings and land, including playing fields, should not be built on unless: i. an assessment has been undertaken which has clearly shown the open space, buildings or land to be surplus to requirements; or ii. the loss resulting from the proposed development would be replaced by equivalent or better provision in terms of quantity and quality in a suitable location; or iii. the development is for alternative sports and recreational provision, the benefits of which clearly outweigh the loss of the current or former use. c. Ensure that development proposals within designated Open Spaces (which have met the conditions set in part b) above, meet all the following criteria: i. the proposals are of a high quality design and do not harm the character, appearance or function of the open space and; ii. the proposals retain and/or improve public access between existing public areas and open spaces through the creation of new and more direct footpath and cycle path links; and, iii. the character and function of leisure walks are preserved or enhanced. d. Require the creation of new publicly accessible open space as part of Major Development proposals in locations that are deficient in access to public Open Space and support the creation of new publicly accessible open space in all developments, where suitable and viable. e. Expect development to incorporate and maintain appropriate elements of Green infrastructure which makes a positive contribution to the wider network of Open Spaces. f. Safeguard existing allotments and encourage and support opportunities for community run and managed food growing spaces in new developments. g. Expect all development to make provision for the long-term management and maintenance of Open Space and green infrastructure on site.

Biodiversity and Access to Nature

1. We are committed to protecting and enhancing the natural environment. We aim to protect and enhance Biodiversity, particularly on Sites of Recognised Nature Conservation Interest, and to improve accessibility to nature throughout the borough. We will: a. Protect all Sites of Recognised Nature Conservation Interest against inappropriate development that will adversely affect the nature conservation value of the site, and secure measures that enhance their nature conservation value; b. Protect and avoid damage to Sites of Recognised Nature Conservation Interest, populations of protected species, priority habitats and priority species; c. Protect Green Corridors from development which may destroy or impair the integrity of the Green Corridor. d. Require development to contribute at least 10% in net gains in Biodiversity, in accordance with statutory requirements and national guidance, by incorporating features such as green roofs and walls, soft landscaping, bird and bat bricks and boxes, habitat restoration, tree planting and expansion and improved green links. Where development is adjacent to or includes a watercourse, natural banks and processes should be restored with a 10m buffer, where feasible. e. Require the following mitigation hierarchy to be followed, for development where significant harm to Biodiversity is unavoidable, and where the benefits of the development proposal clearly outweigh the impacts on Biodiversity: i. Avoid damaging the significant ecological features of the site ii. Minimise the overall spatial impact and mitigate it by improving the quality or management of the rest of the site iii. Deliver off-site compensation of better Biodiversity value. f. Expect Major Development on sites found in an area of deficiency in access to nature to address the deficiency, where suitable and viable.

Protection of Trees, Hedges and Other Landscape Features

1. We are committed to protecting trees and enhancing other features of the natural environment. We will: a. Encourage and support the protection of street trees, and secure appropriate replacements; b. Ensure that development proposals protect and retain trees, hedges and other landscape features of amenity value, on site and on adjoining land, wherever possible, and secure suitable replacements in instances where their loss is justified; i. The loss of trees, hedges and other landscape features of amenity value will only be justified when: 1) Their removal would not have a significant negative impact on the local environment and its enjoyment by the public; 2) Their removal is necessary in the interest of good arboricultural practice; or 3) The benefits of the development outweigh the amenity value of any features that would be lost. ii. In circumstances where 1), 2) or 3) applies, suitable high-quality reprovision of equal value must be provided on site. Where on site provision is demonstrably not possible, as agreed with the council, a financial contribution of the full cost of appropriate re-provision will be required. c. Expect development proposals, where appropriate, to plant additional trees on site in a coordinated way to maximise the green infrastructure network and to increase the borough's tree canopy; d. Use Tree Preservation Orders to safeguard significant trees of amenity value; e. Expect proposals for new and replacement trees, hedges and landscape features of amenity value to consist of appropriate native species to the UK; f. Require developers to ensure that bio-security measures are adhered to for trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, to prevent accidental release of pests and diseases.

Urban Greening

1. We are committed to ensuring that new development incorporates green infrastructure, to help create healthier places, enhance biodiversity and address the urban heat island effect. We will: a. Require Major Developments to incorporate Urban Greening through site and building design, by: i. Conducting an Urban Greening Factor (UGF) assessment in accordance with the methodology set out in the London Plan; ii. Achieving an UGF of 0.4 for developments that are predominantly residential; iii. Achieving an UGF of 0.3 for developments that are predominantly commercial. b. Require all developments to consider Green Infrastructure at an early stage of the design process and incorporate this as part of an integrated design approach. c. Strongly support the inclusion of Urban Greening for all other development in Merton.

Wandle Valley Regional Park

1. We are committed to protecting the Wandle Valley Regional Park and maintaining it as a strategic, biodiverse and accessible corridor through the borough. We will: a. Support the Wandle Valley Regional Park as one of London's major green networks, protecting biodiversity and supporting opportunities for formal and informal recreation through enhanced accessibility. b. Protect and enhance the River Wandle, including its green and blue infrastructure, biodiversity and wildlife corridors. c. Support opportunities for green infrastructure improvements to the Wandle Valley Regional Park and along the River Wandle. d. Support the protection and completion of the Wandle Trail, as shown on the 'Wandle Trail / National Cycle Network Route 20 (NCN20)' Policies Map and the 'Indicative Cycle Network' Policies Map. e. Require development within 400m of the Wandle Valley Regional Park boundary to consider its relationship to the park in terms of visual, physical and landscape links, and ensure that new development positively enhances accessibility to the park through improvements to walking and cycling. f. Expect all new development within 400m of the Wandle Valley Regional Park to provide green infrastructure elements on site through Urban Greening. g. Work with the Environment Agency, Thames Water, the Greater London Authority, landowners and developers to implement flood risk reduction measures which include Green Infrastructure, that manage river and surface water flooding while delivering wider benefits for water and air quality, people and wildlife. h. Encourage the celebration of the Wandle Valley Regional Park through community celebrations, arts, cultural events and sporting activities that will support and promote tourism and recreation in Merton. i. Work with neighbouring boroughs and relevant bodies to support and encourage increased accessibility through the Wandle Valley Regional Park.

Air Quality, Pollution and Land Stability

1. Merton Council will ensure that local environmental impacts of all development proposals do not lead to detrimental effects on the health, safety and the amenity of existing and new users or occupiers of the development site, or the surrounding land. These potential impacts can include, but are not limited to, air pollution, water pollution, noise and vibration, light pollution, odours and fumes, solar glare and solar dazzle as well as land contamination. 2. Several policies in the Local Plan contribute to reducing and/or mitigating the impacts of air pollution such as transport, green infrastructure, design and climate change policies. Developers must have regard to any guidance provided by Merton Council on local environmental impacts and pollution as well as on noise generating and noise sensitive development. Where necessary, we will set planning conditions to reduce and mitigate pollutant impacts. Appropriate site investigations and reports on pollution, contamination, and land stability, prepared by a competent and accredited professional, must be made available and submitted to the Local Planning Authority to inform the assessments set out in this policy. 3. The design and layout of new development must endeavour to minimise conflict between different land uses, taking account of users and occupiers of new and existing developments. Any noise and polluting activities or features such a plant equipment should be located away from areas of high pollution and sensitive land uses (such as schools, nurseries, play spaces, hospitals and residential dwellings) where possible to ensure that there are no detrimental impacts on living conditions, health and wellbeing or amenity. 4. Where there are, already significant adverse effects on the environment or amenity due to pollution, sensitive uses should be steered away from such areas. However, given the limited availability of land for development in the borough, this will not always be possible. Therefore, new developments, including changes of use, should mitigate and reduce any adverse impacts resulting from air and light pollution, noise, vibration and dust to acceptable levels. 5. Major developments in Merton and development briefs for large-scale development subject to an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) must achieve Air Quality Positive Approach status. 6. All developments must be at least Air Quality Neutral and resist development proposals, which would materially increase exceedances of local air pollutants and have an unacceptable impact on amenity or health, unless the development mitigates this impact through physical measures and/or financial contributions to implement proposals in Merton's Local Air Quality Management Plan. 7. Residential development proposals and change of use to residential at street level, will need to submit an Air Quality Impact Assessment in areas of poor air quality. 8. Development proposals must consider the impact of air quality. An Air Quality Impact Assessment will be required for proposals in areas already subject to poor air, Major

Open Space, Green Infrastructure and Nature Conservation

1. Access to open spaces and green infrastructure plays an important role in the physical and mental health and wellbeing of all people. We aim to ensure Merton remains an attractive and green borough, through the protection and enhancement of open spaces, green infrastructure and the natural environment. We will do this by: a. Protecting and enhancing open spaces in the borough including Metropolitan Open Land, Open Space and Sites of Recognised Nature Conservation Interest to provide high quality environments for all residents; b. Protecting and seeking improvements to walking and cycling routes to and through Open Spaces; c. Enhancing existing Open Spaces, Green Corridors and the natural environment, providing habitats for biodiversity to flourish and expand; d. Protecting and enhancing the borough's Biodiversity, particularly on Sites of Recognised Nature Conservation Interest, and supporting the objectives of the Mayor's Environment Strategy; e. Increasing Green Infrastructure across the borough through Urban Greening; f. Enhancing accessibility to our waterways, including the River Wandle and its banks, for leisure and recreational use, while protecting its Biodiversity value; g. Improving opportunities for our residents and visitors to experience nature; and h. Promoting healthy lifestyles to encourage physical education and well-being through the use of our leisure centres, schools, open spaces, playing pitches and recreational spaces.

Managing Heritage Assets

Development proposals affecting a Heritage Asset or its setting will be assessed against the principles set out in national policy and the London Plan, and should take into account detailed guidance set out in the accompanying Historic Environment Planning Practice Guide. All development proposals with the potential to impact the significance or setting of the borough's Heritage Assets will be expected to demonstrate, within a Heritage Statement, how the proposal conserves, and where possible enhances the significance of the asset in terms of its architectural or historic interest and its setting. In accordance with the NPPF, any alteration or destruction of a Heritage Asset, or development that has an impact on the significance and/or setting of a Heritage Asset will require clear and convincing justification. Substantial harm to or loss of: a. Grade II listed buildings or registered parks or gardens, should be exceptional b. Assets of the highest significance, notably scheduled monuments, protected wreck sites, registered battlefields, grade I and II* listed buildings, grade I and II* registered parks and gardens, and World Heritage Sites, should be wholly exceptional. Proposals that will lead to substantial harm to the significance of, or the total loss of, Heritage Assets will only be granted in exceptional circumstances where substantial public benefits outweigh the harm or loss in accordance with the NPPF or that all of the following apply: a. the nature of the Heritage Asset prevents all reasonable uses of the site; b. no viable use of the Heritage Asset itself can be found that will enable its conservation; and, c. conservation by grant funding or some form of charitable or public ownership is not possible; and, d. the harm or loss is substantially outweighed by the benefit of bringing the site back into use. The loss of a building that makes a positive contribution to a conservation area or the setting and/or significance of a Heritage Asset should be avoided. Proposals involving the loss of such buildings will not be supported unless any harm caused is clearly and convincingly justified and satisfies the requirements of national policy relating to the conservation of Heritage Assets. Proposals affecting the layout, design, character, use and function of both designated and non-designated Heritage Assets or their settings should conserve and look for opportunities to enhance their significance and have regard to the following: a. The conservation, or reinstatement of lost features that contribute to the asset or its setting. This may include original chimneys, windows and doors, boundary treatments and garden layouts, roof coverings or shop fronts. In listed buildings, internal features such as fireplaces, panelling, ceilings, doors and architraves as well as surface treatments, the proportion of individual rooms and historic layout may also be of significance. b. The removal of harmful alterations such as inappropriate additions, non-original windows and doors and the removal of paint or pebbledash from brickwork. c. Where there is evidence of deliberate neglect or damage to a Heritage Asset, the current condition of the Heritage Asset will not be taken into account in any decision. d. Proposals should not prejudice the future restoration of designated historic parks and gardens. Proposals relating to existing Heritage Assets should seek to improve energy efficiency effectively and sensitively and without detrimental visual impact on the Heritage Asset, or the wider significance and setting of the Heritage Asset.

Wimbledon Park

To address the reasons why the Grade II* Wimbledon Park is on Historic England's Heritage at Risk Register and to recognise and support its sporting, recreation, ecological and amenity functions. We will do this by: a. Supporting, the park's sport, recreation, play and amenity uses and enhancing access to them, ensuring their successful integration with historic and biodiversity designations. b. Preparing a landscape management plan to help all landowners co-ordinate the long-term management and maintenance of Wimbledon Park. c. Securing investment in the former golf course to conserve and enhance the historic landscape, biodiversity, sport and recreation and secure public access. d. Improving public access around the whole lake, alongside biodiversity, sporting, public safety, flood risk, while ensuring compliance for reservoir safety. e. Addressing the lake's poor condition and seeking restoration of its historic shape and form. f. Ensuring the lake continues to operate safely and in line with the national requirements for a large raised Reservoir, while managing flood risk. g. Identifying and protecting historic trees and other trees of significant amenity value and considering a programme for their renewal. h. Considering the removal of insensitive tree and other non-native planting, particularly on the former golf course and around the athletics track. i. Protecting and enhancing biodiversity, increasing the ecological interest of the park and its waterbodies. j. Respect the site's historic setting, enhance historic and new views to and across the lake, and to St Mary's Church, and support greater public access to these views.

Benedict Wharf, Hallowfield Way, Mitcham, CR4 3BT

1. Residential with some non-residential uses that are commensurate with a residential setting (for example small workshops, community uses etc.) and deliverable. Reallocation is dependent on there being no loss of waste management capacity within the South London Waste Plan area. 2. Merton Council will only support reallocation where the waste management capacity and function are moved within the South London Waste Plan area. 3. Development of the site is an opportunity to provide much needed new homes and other compatible uses in a largely residential setting with surrounding infrastructure and minimise HGV (Heavy Goods Vehicle) and other heavy traffic attributed to the waste management use of the site and minimise the associated road-based noise and air pollution.

Morden Regeneration Zone

Site allocation for mixed retail, office, commercial (including restaurants/cafes), community use (including health centre), transport infrastructure, public realm and residential. Site capacity: circa 2000 new homes. Deliverability: 5-15 years.

Dwelling Conversions

1. This policy will ensure that dwelling conversions are of high quality standard for future occupiers and support housing choice. 2. Proposals to convert an existing single family sized (3-bed or more) home into two or more smaller units of accommodation must incorporate the re-provision of at least one family sized (3-bed or more) home. 3. Dwelling conversions proposals should seek to minimise carbon emissions in accordance with policies on Climate Change. 4. In accordance with policies on managing local flood risk dwelling conversions in Flood Zone 3b must ensure no increase in building footprint and no increase in the number of units or bedrooms. Proposals for the change of use or conversion to a use with a higher vulnerability will not be allowed. In Flood Zone 3a, self-contained residential basements and bedrooms at basement level are not permitted.

Housing Choice

c. Incorporate the re-provision of at least one family sized home where the loss of an existing family sized home is proposed. d. Provide step-free, accessible and adapted housing in accordance with London Plan Policy D7 (Accessible housing), Building Regulation Requirement M4(2) and M(4.3) and this Local Plan's policy D12.3 Ensuring high quality designs in all developments. e. Aim for the strategic target of 50% of new homes built in Merton between 2021/22 -2037/38 to be affordable. f. Expect the following level of affordable housing (gross) to be provided on individual sites as follows: i. 10 or more homes: 1Threshold level to be eligible for the Fast-Track Route as set out in the London Plan provided all provision accords with the tenure mix requirements of Strategic policy H11.1 and is on-site without public subsidy: 50% for public sector land or on industrial land where redevelopment would result in a loss of industrial capacity. For all other sites up to 50% with a minimum provision of 35%. 70% Low-cost rent 30% Intermediate (Including a minimum of 25% First Homes) On-Site. Only in exceptional circumstances will the provision of affordable housing off-site or financial contribution in lieu of provision on-site be considered by the council, and this must be justified and such schemes will be required to provide a detailed viability assessment and contribute to the objective of creating mixed and balanced communities. ii. 2 – 9 homes: Financial contribution equivalent to 20% affordable housing provision. 70% Low-cost rent 30% Intermediate (Including a minimum of 25% First Homes) Financial contribution. g. Require applicants to demonstrate that they have taken account of the strategic 50% target and have sought a grant where required to increase the level of affordable housing beyond 35%. h. Require applicants to present data for all housing tenures proposed in their scheme as a percentage of total residential provision in three ways: as the number of homes (units), habitable rooms, and floorspace. i. For schemes of 10 homes and above, require affordable housing to be provided on-site. In exceptional circumstances, where the applicant has robustly demonstrated to the council that on-site provision is not feasible, we may consider a financial contribution equivalent. This justification must include the provision of a detailed financial appraisal. For these schemes, off-site and cash in lieu schemes must accord with the requirements set out in The London Plan and have regard to the Mayor's Affordable Housing and Viability SPG (Supplementary Planning Guidance) (2017) or subsequent updates to these. j. Require all affordable housing provided by the scheme to be affordable in perpetuity and secured via planning obligation (Section 106 agreement or appropriate legal deed).

Housing mix

1. Residential development proposals must contribute to meeting the needs of different households such as families with children, single person households and older people by providing a mix of dwelling sizes, taking account of the following borough level housing mix: 1 bed 2 bed 3+ bed Borough wide 33% 33% 34% 2. The borough level housing mix will be applied having regard to relevant factors, including individual site circumstances, site location, identified local needs and economics of provision.

Supported care housing for vulnerable people or secure residential institutions for people housed as part of the criminal justice system

1. The suitability of proposals for supported care housing will be assessed having regard to the following criteria: a. Meeting an identified local need. b. The proximity of the site to public transport facilities. c. The provision of a safe and secure environment. d. The provision of an adequate level of amenity space which is safe and suitable. e. The provision of adequate parking facilities for residents, staff and visitors. f. The convenience of the site's location in relation to local shops, services and community facilities. 2. Generally, proposals for supported care housing will be expected to provide affordable housing in accordance with Strategic Policy H11.1 Housing Choice, unless nominations for people in housing need can be made available through the council. 3. We will resist development which results in the net loss of supported care housing for vulnerable people or secure residential institutions for people housed as part of the criminal justice system unless either: a. adequate replacement accommodation satisfies criteria H11.4 (1) (a) to (f) inclusive above; or, b. it can be demonstrated there is a surplus of the existing accommodation in the area; or, c. it can be demonstrated that the existing accommodation is incapable of meeting relevant standards for accommodation of this type. 4. Where we are satisfied that the requirements of criterion (3) of this policy have been met, we will require that an equivalent amount of residential floorspace (Use Class C3) be provided to help meet Merton's need for permanent homes. These proposals will be considered in respect to Strategic Policy H11.1 Housing Choice.

Student Housing, other housing with shared facilities such as HMOs and bedsits

1. The development of student housing, other housing with shared facilities such as HMOs and bedsits is supported provided that the development: a. will not involve the loss of permanent housing; b. will not compromise capacity to meet the supply of land for additional self-contained homes; c. meets an identified local need; d. is well designed and positively contributes to residential character and amenity, with a high standard of amenity for existing and future users in accordance with NPPF paragraph 130(f); e. and is fully integrated into the residential surroundings. Additionally, with regards to student housing: f. is supported by evidence of a linkage with one or more higher education providers (HEP) in Merton or within a reasonable travelling distance of Merton. This evidence must include confirmation that the proposed rental levels for the student accommodation are supported by the linked HEP(s) and that the majority of the bedrooms in the development including all of the affordable student accommodation will be secured through a nominations agreement for occupation by students of one or more HEP, for the lifetime of the scheme, as required by London Plan Policy H15; g. during term-time, it is available exclusively to students; h. includes a range of layouts including those with shared facilities; i. is located in an area well served by public transport links with the higher education providers (HEP) that the student housing serves; j. provides high quality cycle parking facilities; k. is operated directly by a higher education provider or has a management arrangement in place from its initial occupation secured in accordance with London Plan Policy H15 by nomination agreement with one or more higher education providers (HEP), which the student housing serves; and, l. Ensures that at least 35% of the accommodation is secured as affordable student accommodation or 50% where the development is on public sector land or where redevelopment would result in a loss of industrial capacity as defined through the London Plan and associated guidance. 2. Where requirements in this policy H11.5 from (f) to (l) inclusive cannot be demonstrated the proposal will be considered under Policy 11.1 Housing Choice in respect of affordable housing provision. 3. We will resist development which results in the net loss of student housing and other housing with shared facilities such as HMOs and bedsits unless either it can be demonstrated that: a. there is a surplus of the existing accommodation in the area; or, b. the existing accommodation is incapable of meeting relevant standards for accommodation of this type or, c. the proposed development would provide permanent residential accommodation. 4. Where we are satisfied that development resulting in the net loss of student housing, other housing with shared facilities such as HMOs or bedsits, is justified, we will require that an equivalent amount of residential floorspace or permanent self-contained housing in Use Class C3 be provided and these proposals will be considered in respect to Strategic Policy H11.1 Housing Choice.

Accommodation for Gypsies and Travellers

1. Assessment of Need: a. Following adoption of this Local Plan, the council will, as a priority, produce an updated assessment of the need for traveller accommodation using the up-to-date definitions for planning purposes included in the National Planning Policy for Traveller Sites. This assessment may be produced with other local planning authorities and/or the Mayor of London. b. The assessment is to be completed before or during 2025. Should any accommodation needs be identified, this may trigger the need to review this aspect of the Local Plan to inform whether any updates to it would be necessary. 2. Assessment of Proposals: a. Existing legally established Gypsy and Traveller accommodation sites will be retained and protected from redevelopment except where the same number of pitches is provided on an alternative site in the borough. b. Proposals for additional, alternative or new traveller sites will be assessed having regard to the following criteria: i. The provision of on-site landscaping, which seeks to enhance the amenity of the site and which facilitates the integration of the site with the surrounding environment and amenity of occupiers of adjoining land. ii. Access, proximity to a main road, parking and area to allow turning and manoeuvring. iii. Proximity to shops, schools, health services and other community facilities. iv. Provision of appropriate on-site facilities such as children's play facilities. v. The suitability of ground conditions, particularly in respect to the potential to flooding. Please also refer to policies contained in Chapter 15 (Green and Blue Infrastructure) including policies F15.7; F15.8 and F15.9. 3. The provision of a high standard of amenity for future occupants of traveller sites particularly in terms of residential amenity, noise and air quality. Please also refer to policies contained in Chapter 12 (Places and Spaces in a Growing Borough) and Chapter 15 (Green and Blue Infrastructure) including policies F15.7 to F15.10.

Build to rent

1. Built to Rent schemes must provide: a. A minimum of 50 homes. b. A mix of housing sizes to reflect local need for rented property. c. Up to three-year tenancies with longer tenancies (three years or more) being available to all tenants. Tenancies should have a six-month break clause in the tenants' favour and pre-agreed structured and limited in-tenancy rent increases. d. Homes secured as Build to Rent under a covenant for a minimum period of 15 years. e. Security and professional management of the homes. 2. Development of Build to Rent schemes must meet the requirements of London Plan Policy H11 and the Mayor of London's Affordable Housing and Viability SPG (2017), with the intention of maximising the viable supply of affordable homes (known as the affordable housing requirement). In Merton, Build to Rent schemes must meet the following affordable housing requirements: 3. To follow the Fast-Track Route, Build to Rent schemes must deliver a minimum of 35% affordable housing provision or 50% where the development is on public sector land or where redevelopment would result in a loss of industrial capacity, comprising of a tenure of at least 30% affordable housing provision at London Living rent equivalent level with the remainder at a range of genuinely affordable rents to meet priority housing need in Merton. If these requirements are not met, the scheme must follow the Viability Tested Route. 4. All affordable housing elements of the scheme must be affordable in perpetuity and secured via planning obligation or any other appropriate mechanism. 5. Those proposing Build to Rent schemes are encouraged to work with the council in order to make proposed affordable housing available for households on the council's housing list. 6. A clawback mechanism must be in place that ensures that where any of the Build to Rent homes are sold within the 15 years this will trigger a penalty charge towards affordable housing provision in accordance with Policy H11.7(3) 7. Where the requirements of H11.7(3) above are not met, schemes must follow the Viability Tested Route requirements set out in London Plan Policy H5 and The Mayor of London's Affordable Housing and Viability SPG (2017). Viability Assessments should include taking account of the differences between development value of the Build to Rent scheme and Build for Sale scheme and be undertaken in line with the Mayor of London's Affordable Housing and Viability SPG (2017).

Housing choice

1. To ensure that Merton's existing and future residents have a choice of different types, sizes and costs of homes, we will: a. Require proposals for new homes including new build schemes and redevelopment proposals to be well designed and located to create socially mixed, inclusive and sustainable neighbourhoods. b. Seek the provision of a mix of housing types, sizes and tenures at a local level to meet the needs of all sectors of the community and at all stages of people's lives. This includes the provision of family sized and smaller homes and provision for those unable to compete financially in the housing market sector and those with special needs. c. Incorporate the re-provision of at least one family sized home where the loss of an existing family sized home is proposed. d. Provide step-free, accessible and adapted housing in accordance with London Plan Policy D7 (Accessible housing), Building Regulation Requirement M4(2) and M(4.3) and this Local Plan's policy D12.3 Ensuring high quality designs in all developments. e. Aim for the strategic target of 50% of new homes built in Merton between 2021/22 -2037/38 to be affordable. f. Expect the following level of affordable housing (gross) to be provided on individual sites as follows: Threshold (gross) Affordable housing level Affordable housing tenure split Required provision i. 10 or more homes 1Threshold level to be eligible for the Fast-Track Route as set out in the London Plan provided all provision accords with the tenure mix requirements of Strategic policy H11.1 and is on-site without public subsidy: 50% for public sector land or on industrial land where redevelopment would result in a loss of industrial capacity. For all other sites up to 50% with a minimum provision of 35%. 70% Low-cost rent 30% Intermediate (Including a minimum of 25% First Homes) On-Site Only in exceptional circumstances will the provision of affordable housing off-site or financial contribution in lieu of provision on-site be considered by the council, and this must be justified and such schemes

Housing Provision

1. We will aim to deliver a minimum of 12,084 additional homes for the period 2021/22 - 2037/38 via a stepped housing target, set out as follows: Year Target 2021/22 918 2022/23 500 2023/24 450 2024/25 700 2025/26 725 2026/27 775 2027/28 775 2028/29 775 2029/30 1120 2030/31 1200 2031/32 780 2032/33 700 2033/34 474 2034/35 548 2035/36 548 2036/37 548 2037/38 548 Total 12,084 2. This will be achieved by: a. Working with housing providers to optimise housing. b. Supporting the provision of well-designed new homes that create socially mixed and sustainable neighbourhoods. c. Supporting the delivery of well-designed new homes on large and small sites (a site area below 0.25 hectares in size), which optimise levels of residential density in accordance with the design-led approach set out in the London Plan Policy D6 and Merton's design code guidance; having regard to site context; connectivity and accessibility by walking and cycling and existing and planned public transport (including PTAL (Public Transport Accessibility Level)); and the capacity and provision of supporting infrastructure. d. Supporting the delivery of the small sites target of 261 new homes per year. e. Supporting the redevelopment of poor quality existing housing and proposals to improve the quality of existing homes that does not result in a net loss of residential homes, or net loss of affordable housing homes or net loss resulting from the change of use of any type of permanent housing to non-permanent accommodation, such as temporary sleeping accommodation for a cumulative period of more than 90 days a year. f. Supporting proposals for custom, self-build and community-led housing which optimise the use of land and meet all relevant policy requirements, such as those for affordable housing.

Infrastructure

1. We support the provision and improvement of Infrastructure across the borough and will work with relevant providers to ensure that the necessary Infrastructure is secured to support growth in the borough over the plan period. We will: a. Expect new development to identify, plan for and provide any necessary Infrastructure and require that, where necessary, Infrastructure should be completed prior to occupation. b. Require new development to comply with London Plan Policy DF1 (Delivery of the Plan and Planning Obligations) which, amongst other things, sets out the approach to viability testing, decision making and infrastructure prioritisation (Parts B, C and D) that the council will take where it has been demonstrated that planning obligations cannot viably be supported. On a site-specific basis this shall include consideration of the council's published Viability Study, the Mayor's Affordable Housing and Viability SPG and that priority be given to affordable housing and necessary public transport improvements. c. Work with service providers and partners to enable them to deliver the provision of services and facilities for the projected population growth, especially in areas of significant new homes and areas of deficiency. d. Encourage dialogue between service providers and developers. Where appropriate opportunities arise, the co-location of services and joint delivery of Infrastructure by service providers will be supported. e. Support the delivery of high-quality, high-speed and reliable Digital Infrastructure to enable the expansion of electronic communications networks, which include full fibre broadband connections and next generation mobile technology. Development proposals will be expected to provide digital connectivity infrastructure in accordance with London Plan Policy SI6. f. Support the provision of emergency services and facilities as required by emergency service providers. g. Work with partners to facilitate the delivery of sport, recreation and play facilities and to encourage the shared use of sites and spaces. h. Expect Infrastructure provision to be in keeping with the council's net-zero carbon targets.

Digital infrastructure

1. This policy aims to ensure digital infrastructure is deployed to support better digital connectivity across all of Merton and does not detract from a healthy environment or people's experience of the public realm. 2. Proposals for telecommunications apparatus and equipment will be considered in accordance with International Commission guidelines and relevant Government guidance. Proposals should demonstrate that the equipment will not cause interference with other electrical equipment, air traffic services or instrumentation operated in the national interest. 3. Proposals will be expected to demonstrate that the equipment will meet International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields. 4. Proposals for telecommunications apparatus and equipment should be designed and located such that they do not detract from the visual quality, enjoyment and useability of the public realm or detract from the setting and context of buildings and the street scene. Proposals will be expected to: a. Ensure equipment is placed to the back edge of the footway; b. Maintain an adequate width of footway consistent with its existing and likely future intensity of use; c. Group equipment in a neat and orderly fashion; d. Ensure there is not a proliferation of numerous items of infrastructure that will cumulatively adversely be detrimental to the public realm; e. Construct bespoke enclosures to accommodate equipment as a means of managing the need to provide a number of items of equipment in a single location; f. In particularly sensitive areas, notably where Heritage Assets are affected, locate equipment in underground chambers, or demonstrate a design-led solution that does not harm the significance of the Heritage Assets. g. Ensure that the design and siting of equipment and infrastructure does not undermine the safe enjoyment of the public realm or relevant policies promoting active travel and sustainable means of travel.

Flood Risk Management and Sustainable Drainage

1. As a Lead Local Flood Authority, we will work in partnership with the Environment Agency, water companies, developers, neighbouring boroughs and local communities to manage and reduce flood risk from all sources. We will: a. Steer development towards areas at lowest risk of flooding from all sources through the application of the sequential test as set out in the NPPF and supporting national Planning Practice Guidance. Assess the cumulative impact of development and land use change and make strategic planning decisions using the most up-to-date flood risk data and information from Merton Council, the Environment Agency, other Risk Management Authorities (RMAs) and the National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy for England (2020). b. Implement the recommendations and objectives of Merton's flood risk management plans, such as the Strategic Flood Risk Assessment (SFRA), Local Flood Risk Management Strategy and other RMAs, flood risk management plans. c. Require all developments to incorporate flood resilience measures and be adaptable to the future impacts of climate change. d. Ensure all Major Development includes water efficiency measures such as rainwater harvesting or grey water recycling to minimise water consumption, and SUDS (Sustainable Drainage Systems) to deliver multi-functional benefits such as managing surface water runoff, improving biodiversity, providing amenity and water quality benefits. e. Work collaboratively with water companies to help them develop and implement their Drainage and Wastewater Management Plans (DWMPs) to enable them to deliver water and wastewater infrastructure improvements across the borough. f. Reduce the risk of flooding (from all sources) in an integrated way through coordination with the following local plan policies; Open Space and Green Infrastructure; Urban Greening; Managing Local Flooding; Sustainable Drainage Systems; Placemaking and Design.

Waste Management

1. We support the objectives of sustainable waste management set out by the government in the National Planning Policy for Waste and the Mayor's London Plan. 2. We will continue to work in collaboration with the neighbouring south London boroughs of Croydon, Kingston-upon-Thames and Sutton to maximise self-sufficiency and meet the apportionment tonnages required by the London Plan for south London. The South London Waste Plan sets out the long-term vision, spatial strategy, policies and sites for the sustainable management of waste, and a monitoring framework to assess the success of the policies. 3. We will increase recycling rates and address waste as a resource, looking to disposal as the last option, in line with the waste hierarchy. To support recycling, the council will require integrated, well designed waste storage facilities that will include recycling facilities for all new developments where appropriate.

Monitoring

1. Merton Council will demonstrate the delivery of the Local Plan's spatial vision and strategic objectives by monitoring the implementation of policies and infrastructure. 2. In the event that delivery falls significantly below what is required to achieve the necessary targets or should housing and accommodation need figures change significantly, the council will trigger a full or partial review of the Plan.

Mitcham

Mitcham District Centre 3. To improve the vitality and overall quality of Mitcham District Centre, we will: a. Increase the footfall and spend in the town centre by improving the quality and diversity of shops and services. b. Create healthier streets and spaces that continue to enhance the public realm through high quality streetscape and design improvements using Healthy Streets Approaches. c. Improve access to, and movement through, Mitcham District centre by encouraging walking, cycling and public transport that improves links to surrounding neighbourhoods and supports the vision of a 20-minute neighbourhood and improving air quality. d. Deliver high quality mixed tenure homes that adds to the vitality of the District Centre, in particular supporting mixed use developments with homes above shops in the District Centre e. Support local and independent businesses, leisure, community and retail outlets that are attractive to and used by the whole community. f. Celebrate Mitcham District Centre's unique character by enhancing the setting of heritage assets with high quality design and character led developments. g. Improve Mitcham District Centre's unique connection with Mitcham Common, the surrounding green open spaces and public leisure uses. h. Champion sustainable design in future developments to contribute to Merton's net-zero carbon target by 2050. Surrounding area of Mitcham District Centre 4. Mitcham is one of Merton's larger neighbourhoods. Beyond the District Centre, Mitcham has a rich mix of uses and character that span from Phipps Bridge, Figge's Marsh, the Cricket Green and Pollards Hill. To improve the overall environment of Mitcham's surrounding areas by providing quality shopping, housing, community facilities and good transport links, we will: a. Support North Mitcham Local Centre around Tooting rail station: only supporting development that complements or improves the local or wider public realm. b. Improve the quality and mix of homes, including affordable homes. c. Ensure that development conserves and enhances the historic environment and green spaces, encouraging greater usage, for example, around Cricket Green, Canons House and Mitcham Common. d. Enhance the public realm through high quality urban design and architecture and allowing development that makes a positive visual impact to the overall surroundings and connectivity to the District Centre. e. Support the regeneration at Eastfields, Ravensbury and Pollards Hill to provide good quality new homes and services and refurbish existing homes in a landscaped setting. f. Enhance the connections between Mitcham and surrounding neighbourhoods such as Colliers Wood, Morden and Tooting by improving the public realm and boosting opportunities to walk and cycle through the streets and open spaces around Church Road, Phipps Bridge and Figge's Marsh supporting the vision of a 20-minute neighbourhood. g. Make more of underused spaces and places around Mitcham, encouraging investment to improve public access and support greater and more diverse usage, particularly for leisure and recreation. h. Support and improve the quality of local Neighbourhood Parades. i. Strongly encourage and support sustainable improvements to new and existing developments, in particular to Mitcham's industrial estates and homes.

Morden

1. This policy supports the regeneration of Morden Town Centre to create a modern, attractive and vibrant destination that meets the needs of the current and future residents, businesses and visitors, and provides economic, social and environmental benefits. This will include intensification and comprehensive regeneration within the Morden Regeneration Zone (Site Mo1). 2. We will achieve this through: a. The comprehensive regeneration of the Morden Regeneration Zone (Site Mo1), to optimise the delivery of new homes (including affordable homes), improve the street scene and public realm, make it easier for all to get around, and support businesses and other appropriate uses within the Morden Regeneration Zone. Development proposals for large sites (0.25 hectares and above) that contribute to the delivery of comprehensive regeneration as described in this policy and Site Allocation Mo1, will be supported. b. Improving the appearance, user experience and air quality of Morden Town Centre by relocating the bus stands outside Morden underground station away from their current location to help create healthier streets and a welcoming public space outside the Morden underground station entrance. c. Incorporating a range of appropriate public spaces and streets within the Morden Regeneration Zone that enhance accessibility to the surrounding area, with pedestrians and cyclists as the priority. d. Incorporating green infrastructure that contributes to improved drainage, air quality and the creation of green links through the Morden Regeneration Zone, connecting to the open spaces in the surrounding Morden Neighbourhood. e. Supporting tall buildings within the Morden Regeneration Zone in accordance with the details in the Strategic Heights Diagram for the Morden Regeneration Zone and in Policy D12.6 Tall Buildings. f. Supporting an appropriate mix of retail, office, community and leisure uses, including night-time uses, within the Morden Regeneration Zone, which provide an appropriate level of active frontage and do not have an undue impact on neighbouring amenity. g. Supporting incremental site-by-site development outside the Morden Regeneration Zone but within Morden Town Centre, where it: i. is of a high-quality design, ii. complements and co-ordinates with the surrounding built form and public realm, iii. supports the delivery of new homes and complementary town centre uses, and iv. makes it easier for all to get around and in particular, encourages walking and cycling. 3. In the surrounding Morden Neighbourhood we will: a. Ensure that development conserves and enhances its suburban character of terraced and semi-detached homes and abundant green infrastructure. b. Support transport improvements that enable sustainable and active travel choices.

South Wimbledon

1. Recognising South Wimbledon as a distinctive neighbourhood in its own right 2. We will do this by: a. Proposing a new Local Centre at the heart of South Wimbledon, focussed around the underground station and the junction where Morden Road, Merton Road, Kingston Road and Merton High Street meet; b. Supporting shops, services and businesses commensurate with a local centre, particularly those that serve the day-to-day needs of local residents; c. Supporting developments and occupiers that help improve or strengthen local character, reflecting the area's rich architectural history or providing a modern interpretation which respects Heritage Assets; d. Support developments in the Local Centre that create a well-designed shopfront and encouraging landowners and businesses fronting Merton High Street, Kingston Road, Morden Road and Merton Road to improve their shopfronts and building facades; e. Supporting measures to enhance the streetscene and public realm in South Wimbledon, particularly along the main roads where most travel takes place; f. Encouraging measures that help to minimise and mitigate pollutants associated with the busy road network, including planting and green cover, measures to encourage walking and cycling and, electric vehicle charging points; g. Protecting and enhancing the public open space at Nelson Gardens and Haydons Road Recreation Ground, and improving links to Abbey Recreation Ground, Wandle Park and other nearby open spaces; h. Support well designed development commensurate with the excellent public transport access of the area; i. Support improvements to the transport infrastructure that will help to reduce road congestion and improve the public realm, particularly for pedestrians and cyclists; j. Integrate the regeneration phases being delivered on the High Path estate over the next 10-15 years, guided by the Estates Local Plan to ensure the development enhances the local environment; this includes the proposed public park at High Path; k. Supporting the redevelopment at South Wimbledon station (Site Allocation Wi8) which respects and enhances the Grade II listed building and other Heritage Assets within the area, delivers a range of benefits including a public space, cycle parking, improved station facilities and secondary pedestrian entrance to the underground station off the busy main roads.

Colliers Wood

1. To create a thriving and attractive District Centre at Colliers Wood. The council's strategy for Colliers Wood is: Colliers Wood town centre a. To treat Colliers Wood as a District Centre in the town centre hierarchy. b. To build on the improvements led by "Connecting Colliers Wood" by requiring development to help create coherent spaces of high-quality design, reconfiguring the centre to create a focus and making the environment more attractive to town centre users, prioritising pedestrians and cyclists. c. To support the redevelopment of single or two storey retail outlets to create new streets and public spaces, provide homes above shops, and help make Colliers Wood easier to navigate and move around. d. To support a variety of different sized shop units and town centre uses to provide local services and encourage resilience. e. To work with the Environment Agency, the GLA (Greater London Authority), Thames Water and landowners to reduce flood risk and to explore viable and appropriate flood mitigation measures complementary with improving the public realm, particularly for pedestrians and cyclists. f. To improve access to heritage assets, including Merton Priory, Merton Abbey Mills and the Wandle Valley Conservation Area, conserving and enhancing archaeological sites and recognising their positive contribution to regeneration and new development. Surrounding area of Colliers Wood g. To support development which helps to optimise housing potential and that maximises opportunities for the use of sustainable modes of travel in this highly accessible location, whilst managing vehicle use, to reduce impacts on the road network. h. To improve the public realm in accordance with the Healthy Streets Approach and providing an improved network of safe and convenient pedestrian and cycle routes that connect to local areas and beyond, including via the Wandle Trail and Cycle Superhighway 7. i. To work with the Environment Agency, Thames Water, landowners and others to reduce flood risk and to explore viable and appropriate flood mitigation measures complementary with improving the public realm. j. To support improvements to the Prince Georges business area.

Raynes Park

1. This policy supports investment in Raynes Park to maintain its position as an attractive and interesting destination that meets the needs of the current and future residents, businesses and visitors, and provides economic, social and environmental benefits. Raynes Park Local Centre 2. To improve the quality of the environment and make it easier for people to move around Raynes Park Local Centre and around the wider neighbourhood. 3. We will do this by: a. Supporting development in Raynes Park Local Centre that provides for the needs of the local community, including a wide range of businesses and services commensurate to the town centre. b. Supporting the 20-minute neighbourhood approach by resisting the loss of shops and services within Raynes Park Local Centre. c. Ensuring that Raynes Park is maintained as a viable, attractive Town Centre for businesses to locate and residents to visit; supporting shop front improvements and parking for bikes and scooter deliveries that is designed well into the street scene while meeting the needs of businesses. d. Requiring development within and around the centre to address flooding issues particularly from surface water, prioritising sustainable drainage systems that are both effective and attractive. e. Securing well-designed and well linked improvements for pedestrians and cyclists and improved access to public transport facilities, including support for step-free access and improved secure cycle parking facilities at Raynes Park station. f. In the long term, work with Network Rail and the local community to ensure the benefits arising from its investment are realised, that new structures are sensitively designed and compliment the wider residential area and that disruption is kept to a minimum. Surrounding area of Raynes Park Local Centre g. Taking the Healthy Streets Approach by supporting better pedestrian and cycle links between Raynes Park Town Centre and the surrounding areas including Shannon Corner and, between the shops and services around Shannon Corner. h. Optimise land use by providing new homes above shops and other business premises, for example at Shannon Corner, where these can be sited and designed to minimise air and noise pollution for new residents. i. Businesses will be encouraged to locate at Shannon Corner where they could benefit from proximity to the strategic road network, not compete with nearby town centres or generate significant private car trips. j. Supporting the 20-minute neighbourhood approach by supporting shopfront, public realm and street scene improvements and maintaining the day-to-day shopping and other services at Motspur Park. k. Integrating improvements within the public realm: ensuring developments and streets are designed to improve walking and cycling, provide attractive raingardens, pocket parks and other attractive and effective sustainable drainage systems to mitigate the risk of surface water flooding. l. Supporting attractive, accessible local parades and neighbourhoods including step-free access at Motspur Park and Raynes Park stations. m. Requiring development to respect local character, heritage and amenity in surrounding residential neighbourhoods.

Wimbledon

Wimbledon Town Centre 1. To ensure that Wimbledon continues to be a thriving destination for businesses, residents and visitors. 2. We will do this by: a. Promoting Wimbledon as southwest London's premier location for business, leisure, living and culture: an exemplar for good quality and sustainable placemaking. b. Driving investment and innovation in workspaces to support the local economy and jobs in the town centre commensurate with Wimbledon's role as a Major Centre. Encourage development that attracts residents, businesses, visitors and tourism to the area all year round, including high quality hotels, conference facilities and cultural activities. c. Enhancing the experience for people coming to Wimbledon commensurate to its international reputation by requiring exemplary design and landscaping, street scene and public realm investment, taking the Healthy Streets Approach including opportunities to green Wimbledon. d. Supporting high quality architecture and design with traditional urban blocks with active frontages. e. Supporting tall buildings within Wimbledon Town Centre in accordance with the details in the Strategic Heights Diagram for Wimbledon Town Centre and the requirements in Policy D12.6 Tall Buildings. f. Respecting views from Wimbledon Hill through the Town Centre and beyond, with taller developments at St George's Road, away from the historic core, located around the station. g. Strengthening the position of Wimbledon as a Major Centre in south London through the redevelopment of key sites within the centre. h. Promoting a vibrant daytime, evening and night-time economy through a mix of commercial and community uses. i. Promoting good placemaking by providing places for people to meet, relax, enjoy events and participate in the Town Centre. j. Improving health and wellbeing by promoting walking and cycling: making the Town Centre more attractive, greener, safer, easier to get around for pedestrians and cyclists. k. Securing improvements to public transport and investment in Wimbledon station to improve the passenger experience. Any proposals for Wimbledon Station should provide links to neighbouring sites and enable the creation of new public realm, including an enhanced station forecourt/town square. l. Creating a more pleasant environment for shopping and leisure activities by reducing traffic dominance and managing delivery and servicing needs in a safe, efficient and sustainable way, including through exploring the use of freight consolidation and last mile delivery solutions. Surrounding neighbourhoods of Wimbledon m. Maintaining the unique character and built form character of Wimbledon Village, supporting development that is commensurate with the scale and the significant quality of this Local Centre. n. Supporting development that attracts greater footfall and boosts the visitor experience to Wimbledon Village and Arthur Road Local Centre. o. Supporting environmental improvements and maintaining the day-to-day shopping and other services at Wimbledon Chase and Arthur Road Local Centre. p. Supporting improvements to business premises and the public realm in Haydons Road to bolster local high street offer. q. Conserving and enhancing the quality of neighbourhoods through Conservation Area character protection, and by supporting development that respects the character and Heritage Assets within the area. r. Supporting proposals to improve walking and cycling between the neighbourhoods of South Wimbledon, Colliers Wood, Wimbledon, Wimbledon Village, Raynes Park, Wimbledon Chase and outside the borough to Tooting, Southfields and Kingston. s. Recognising the importance of Wimbledon Tennis Championships, support the continued upgrade and improvement of the AELTC's facilities in Wimbledon and at Raynes Park to maintain its global position as a world-class sporting venue of national and international significance and to provide economic, community and sporting benefits locally. t. Supporting accessible local services including step-free access at Haydons Road and Wimbledon Chase stations.

Merton's Town Centre and Neighbourhood Parades

1. This policy contributes towards maintaining and enhancing the attractiveness of Town Centres by encouraging more people to use these locations and promoting a sharing and circular economy wherever possible. To maintain and improve the overall vitality and viability of Merton's Town Centres, the council will support new development in Merton's Town Centres and Neighbourhood Parades commensurate with their scale and function, providing it respects or improves the character and local environment. All frontages in Merton's Town Centres and Neighbourhood Parades 2. Supporting proposals for developments where: a. The proposed use is compatible with a shopping frontage and provides a direct service to the general public; b. The proposal will result in an active street frontage; c. The vitality and viability of the Town Centre or Neighbourhood Parade is not likely to be significantly harmed; d. A window display is provided; and e. No significant adverse effects on the amenities of nearby residents, road safety, car parking or traffic flows would result from the proposal. Within Wimbledon, Colliers Wood, Mitcham and Morden Town Centres 3. In addition to 2., supporting proposals for developments that: a. Provide a range of commercial unit sizes; b. Provide a wide range of Town Centre Type Uses which contribute towards the vitality and viability of town centres including shopping, leisure, entertainment, cultural, community and offices. c. Betting shops (use identified as sui generis), are not compatible with the main retail or social function of the Town Centres and are not considered appropriate new uses within the Primary Shopping Area. Within Local Town Centres 4. Supporting proposals: a. for development up to 1,000sqm per unit of floorspace for Town Centre Type Uses in the designated Local Town Centre of Arthur Road, Motspur Park, North Mitcham, Raynes Park and South Wimbledon. The council will resist major increases (above 1,000sqm) in town centre type use floorspace in local centres unless it contributes to the council's Good Growth objectives. b. that do not amalgamate existing ground floor shopping frontages in Wimbledon Village local centre so as to result in a large unit (with a floorspace of 280sqm or more). c. that do not provide betting shops within the Primary Shopping Area. Within Neighbourhood Parades 5. Maintaining Neighbourhood Parades to provide convenience shopping and other services within walking distance of local residents.

Protecting corner / local shops

1. In predominantly residential areas, outside Town Centres and Neighbourhood Parades, to ensure that there are convenience shopping facilities and other services located within walking distance of all residents in Merton, the council will seek to protect corner/local shops for which there is need, by: a. Permitting the change of use of a corner/local convenience shop to a wider range of uses including other shops, businesses, cafes and restaurants public houses, health and community uses where: i. There are alternative convenience shops located within 400 metres; ii. The proposal will have no significant adverse effects on the amenities of nearby residents, road safety, traffic movements or car parking impacts; and iii. Independent access to upper floors is ensured. b. Where there are no alternative convenience shops located within 400m, only permitting changes of use of a corner/local convenience shop to a wider range of uses including other shops, businesses, cafes and restaurants, public houses, health and community where criterion (a)(ii) and (iii) can be met and where: i. It can be demonstrated by full and proper marketing of the site for convenience use at reasonable prices for at least 12 months (1 year) and to the council's satisfaction that there is no realistic prospect of convenience use in the future. c. Only permitting the change of use of a corner/local convenience shop to residential where criteria (a) can be met and where: i. It can be demonstrated by full and proper marketing of the site for convenience use at reasonable prices for at least 12 months (1 year) and to the council's satisfaction that there is no realistic prospect of convenience use in the future; and ii. An active frontage is provided.

Food and drink / leisure and entertainment

1. Proposals for restaurants and cafes, public houses, hot food takeaways and leisure and entertainment uses will be supported, provided all of the following criteria have been met: a. The proposals would not have an unacceptable impact on amenity and the general environment, car parking, traffic congestion and road safety. Proposals would need to take into account the: i. Size of unit; ii. Characteristics and type of use proposed; iii. The nature of the area; iv. The likely cumulative effect of food and drink, leisure and entertainment uses in the area, including combined and cumulative effects at different times of the day and night; and v. Whether the location is well served by public transport. b. Adequate noise containment measures are included and sound insulation is provided, where appropriate, to safeguard the amenity of adjoining residential and business uses; c. They would not have an unacceptable effect on amenity through noise, disturbance or fumes; d. The proposed opening hours would be acceptable; and e. Adequate ventilation, waste disposal, litter management and crime prevention arrangements appropriate to the use and location can be provided. Hot food takeaways f. Proposals which result in the development of more than three hot food takeaways in a shopping parade of 10 consecutive shops will not normally be permitted as this would detract from the viability and vitality of high streets and Town Centres and the ability to adopt healthy lifestyles. g. The council will not normally permit proposals for new hot food takeaways found within 400 metres walking distance from the entrance or exit of an existing or proposed primary or secondary school to promote the availability of healthy food. h. Where any development proposal involving hot food takeaways are permitted, the Council will require the operator to achieve and operate in compliance with the Healthier Catering Commitment standard. Protection of public houses i. Proposals that will result in the loss of a public house will only be permitted where all the following criteria are met: i. the applicant can demonstrate to the council's satisfaction that the public house is no longer economically viable; and ii. there are alternative public houses located within the local area. Protection of leisure and entertainment j. Proposals for the loss of entertainment and leisure facilities will be supported where the applicant can demonstrate to the council's satisfaction that the leisure and entertainment uses are no longer viable.

Development of Town Centre Type Uses outside Town Centres

1. To maintain and enhance the vitality and viability of Merton's Town Centres, proposals for the development of Town Centre Type Uses at the 'edge-of-centre' and 'out-of-centre' will be permitted only where it can be demonstrated that: a. The scope of the sequential test and impact assessment (required over 280sqm net new floorspace) submitted is proportionate to the scale of the development proposed and satisfies the council's requirements. b. Local convenience development outside Town Centres meets all of the following criteria: i. The proposal will be a replacement for an existing convenience shop; or, ii. The proposal will meet local needs in an area identified as deficient in local convenience shopping (including convenience retail activity in petrol stations); and iii. The overall floorspace of the local convenience shop (including petrol stations) would not exceed 280 sqm net retail floorspace. c. Vitality and viability of Merton's existing Town Centres would not be harmed. Planning conditions may be imposed on applications, to ensure that proposals do not have an adverse impact on the vitality and viability of existing Town Centres. Such conditions may: i. Prevent the amalgamation of small units to create large out-of-centre units; ii. Limit internal development to specify the maximum amount of floorspace permitted; or, iii. Control the type of goods sold or type of activity.

Merton's Town Centre and Neighbourhood Parades

1. This policy contributes towards maintaining and enhancing the attractiveness of Town Centres by encouraging more people to use these locations and promoting a sharing and circular economy wherever possible. To maintain and improve the overall vitality and viability of Merton's Town Centres, the council will support new development in Merton's Town Centres and Neighbourhood Parades commensurate with their scale and function, providing it respects or improves the character and local environment. All frontages in Merton's Town Centres and Neighbourhood Parades 2. Supporting proposals for developments where: a. The proposed use is compatible with a shopping frontage and provides a direct service to the general public; b. The proposal will result in an active street frontage; c. The vitality and viability of the Town Centre or Neighbourhood Parade is not likely to be significantly harmed; d. A window display is provided; and e. No significant adverse effect

Culture, arts and tourism development

1. The council will maintain, improve and encourage culture, arts and tourism in Merton by: a. Supporting: i. All proposals for cultural and tourism development which are likely to generate a large number of visitors in either Merton's Major and District Town Centres or other areas of the borough which have good levels of accessibility (PTAL level 3 or above) and are within close proximity to additional services for employees and visitors. ii. Small (generally floorspace below 280 sqm) proposals for culture, arts and tourism development throughout the borough. b. Encouraging improvements or expansion to existing culture, arts and tourism in Merton, where this complements Merton's strategic objectives for the areas in which they are located. c. Ensuring proposals for culture, arts and tourism developments are well designed, by requiring that: i. The size and character of the site or building are suitable for the proposed use; ii. The development will be compatible with the character and appearance of the area; iii. The amenities of local residents and businesses will not be harmed by way of noise, disturbance, loss of light or privacy; iv. There will be good access and links to modes of transport other than the private vehicle; and v. Vehicular access to and from the highway will be safe. d. Balancing the benefits of the submitted proposals opportunity to provide employment and other contributions to the local economy against the above criteria. e. Supporting proposals for the change of use from culture, arts and tourist accommodation to alternative uses only if it can be demonstrated to the council's satisfaction: i. that full and proper marketing of the site at reasonable prices for a period of 18 months (1.5 years) confirms the financial non-viability for these purposes, unless a suitable replacement site for the culture and arts use which is of better standard and quality is provided locally; or, ii. where it can be demonstrated that the existing tourist accommodation is no longer viable and does not provide facilities for the local community. f. Subject to the policy protection of scattered employment sites, protecting, maintaining and encouraging the workspace needed to support creative and cultural industries across the borough.

Prioritising active travel choices

1. To encourage and enable active travel choices we will require development proposals to: a. Design the layout of development sites in accordance with the Healthy Streets Approach and prioritise safe and convenient access routes for pedestrians, cyclists and those with disabilities. b. Ensure sites connect to and integrate well with the surrounding cycle, pedestrian and public transport networks and make suitable contributions towards improving routes where required. c. Protect and enhance any existing publicly accessible cycle and pedestrian routes that cross development sites and maximise opportunities to improve public accessibility by providing new connections through sites. d. Provide secure, covered cycle parking facilities that meet London Plan minimum standards (higher level requirements) and are designed to a high standard, having regard to the London Cycling Design Standards. Facilities should include provision for charging of electric cycles and a minimum of 5% of cycle spaces should accommodate users of non-standard cycles. e. Provide suitable showers, lockers and changing facilities within developments that will provide employment. f. Make provision for or a contribution towards publicly accessible cycle parking and cycle and scooter hire schemes where required.

Managing the transport impacts of development

To manage and mitigate any impacts on the transport network in an efficient, safe and sustainable way, development proposals will be required to: a. Submit a transport statement or assessment with regard to the latest TfL guidance, which demonstrates that the scale and type of development is appropriate to the transport accessibility of the site and that proposals will not have a detrimental impact on the transport network. Mitigation measures to address adverse transport impacts, including through highways improvements and/ or financial contributions may be required to make the proposals acceptable. b. Demonstrate that any detrimental impact on road safety can be mitigated to an acceptable degree with regard to The Mayor's Vision Zero target for road safety. c. Demonstrate how trips generated by the development will be managed to maximise sustainable travel patterns and reduce reliance on vehicle trips. Developments that are expected to generate a significant number of trips will be required to develop a Travel Plan with regard to TfL's latest guidance. d. Address the needs of people with disabilities and reduced mobility in relation to all modes of transport. e. Demonstrate how any impacts on the transport network during the construction phase of the development will be managed and mitigated, with priority given to maintaining safe and inclusive access for pedestrians, cyclists and public transport users. Developments that will have an impact on the transport network during construction will be required to develop a Construction Logistics Plan informed by TfL's latest Construction Logistics Planning guidance. f. Demonstrate that the proposals and site layout make adequate provision for safe and suitable access to the site for all users. g. Demonstrate that the development will adequately facilitate efficient, safe and low-emission delivery and servicing trips and where a significant number of delivery trips are expected to be generated, develop a Delivery and Servicing Plan with regard to TfL's latest guidance.

Parking and Low Emissions Vehicles

1. Development proposals should manage car use and parking to ensure safety, reduce reliance on car use and support a transition to lower emissions vehicles. 2. Developments should provide the minimum level of car parking necessary taking into consideration the site accessibility by public transport (PTAL), in accordance with London Plan parking standards. Developments in areas with good public transport accessibility, including Town Centres and all locations with a PTAL rating of 5 to 6, will be expected to be car free. 3. All new development in Controlled Parking Zones, including conversions to multiple dwellings, will be required to be permit free, with all future occupants of that development being ineligible for on-street parking permits. 4. Financial contributions will be sought for new or enhanced parking controls where they are considered necessary to promote road safety and protect existing residential or business amenity. 5. Disabled persons' parking should be provided in accordance with London Plan standards be accommodated within the development site where possible and be provided with electric vehicle charge points. 6. Development that provides on-site parking provision must provide electric vehicle charging infrastructure which is appropriate to the scale and type of development and which meets or exceeds requirements set out in Building Regulations Approved Document S and the London Plan. The proposals must set out a strategy for the ongoing operation, management and maintenance of the EV charging infrastructure. 7. Residential developments that provide parking will be expected to support car club use as an alternative to car ownership, by funding a free trial use package for new residents for at least three years. Where appropriate, on-site parking spaces should be allocated to an appropriate number of car club vehicles which will be provided with electric vehicle charging infrastructure and be included within the London Plan maximum parking standards. 8. Development that provides any new provision or an amended layout of on-site car parking provision, should demonstrate that the proposals do not compromise pedestrian amenity, highway safety or increase flood risk. Any developments providing multiple or communal car parking spaces will be required to submit a Parking Design and Management Plan.

Supporting transport infrastructure

To protect existing transport infrastructure and to ensure that new infrastructure is provided to support growth and a low carbon future: a. Existing land and buildings used for all transport network functions, including public transport services, will be protected from development, unless alternative facilities are provided to the satisfaction of relevant strategic transport authorities and service providers that enable existing transport operations to be maintained and expanded if necessary. b. Land identified for new transport facilities and other related infrastructure will be safeguarded and secured through planning obligation. c. Redevelopment of existing public transport sites must demonstrate how services and access for all users will be protected and improved through the provision of new or upgraded facilities and adequately maintained during the construction phase of development. d. Development proposals should support capacity, connectivity and other improvements to the bus network and ensure that buses can operate efficiently to, from and within developments, and provide supporting infrastructure as required. e. Development proposals for infrastructure required to decarbonise transport operations will be supported.

Sustainable Travel

1. Merton Council aims to deliver an efficient, safe and sustainable transport system that will: a. Improve road safety outcomes in line with The Mayor's Vision Zero target. b. Reduce traffic congestion and parking dominance on Merton's streets. c. Address public health concerns associated with sedentary lifestyles through more active travel choices. d. Minimise the vehicular emissions that contribute towards climate change and local air pollution. 2. To do this we will: a. Plan spatial development in accordance with the transport principles for good growth and the "20-minute neighbourhood" approach, to create complete, compact and connected communities that facilitate walking, cycling and the use of public transport and reduce the need to travel by car. b. Apply the Healthy Streets Approach to create accessible streets and public areas where it is safe and convenient to socialise, walk, cycle and use public transport. c. Encourage and enable people to choose active travel modes, by implementing a comprehensive network of safe and convenient cycle and walking routes and providing supporting measures such as secure cycle parking, cycle training and route finding. d. Work with Transport for London (TfL) and Transport Operators to promote and seek improvements to public transport infrastructure and services. e. Encourage the management of vehicle use and parking to improve road safety outcomes reduce traffic dominance and minimise impact on the transport network. f. Reduce vehicular emissions through supporting a switch to car clubs and electric vehicles and encouraging efficient, low-emission freight and delivery trips.